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| Father |
Guy DE GARLANDE LATER DE THURNHAM, b. Abt 1120, Of Brie, France  |
| Mother |
Dame DE POSSESSE |
| Married |
Abt 1140 |
| Notes |
- Source: Histoire genealogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, Anselme de Sainte-Marie, augustin dechausse, (13th ed., la Compagnie des Libraries, Paris, 2 aout 1726-1733), Vol. 6, p. 33.
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| Family ID |
F4115 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
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| Notes |
- Founded the Augustinian Abbey of Cumbwell, afterwards reduced to a Priory, in Goudhurst, Kent.
[Source: Gatton Pedigree. See KAS journal http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/005-1863/005-09.pdf]
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Thurnham, for Turnham, a branch of the house of De Garlande, France. Robert de Turnham paid a fine to the Crown in Kent 1156 (Rot. Pip.), and Robert de Turnham held three fees in Kent 1165, and Michael de Thurnham in Surrey (Lib. Niger). This Robert de Turnham (or his son of the same name) accompanied Richard I. to Palestine, and was in command of the fleet at Cyprus. Stephen de Turnham, his brother, was Viscount of Wilts and Seneschal fo Anjou.
[Source: https://archive.org/details/normanpeopleand00unkngoog. "The Norman people and their existing descendants in the British dominions and the United States of America ..". (London, H.S. King & co., 1874.) p. 418.]
Turnham. Gilbert, Lord of Garlande, in Brie, time of William I., had issue Ansel de Garlande, Seneschal of France 1108, and Gilbert de Garlande, Butler of France; the latter of whom had issue Guy, who purchased Turnham, and went to Palestine in 1147 (Des Bois). He had issue Robert de Turnham, of Kent, 1156, 1165, and Michael de Turnham, of Surrey, 1165. Stephen de Turnham was a baron time of Henry II. and Richard I., and he is mentioned in Normandy 1180-95 (MRS). Stephen de Turnham held in Salop 13th cent. (Testa de Neville).
[Source: "The Norman people and their existing descendants in the British dominions and the United States of America ..". (London, H.S. King & co., 1874.) pp. 425-426]
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The less impressive castle at Thurnham is not mentioned in the Pipe Rolls, but other documents show that such existed by c. 1225, and probably 1174-1184 (Anon., 1862. pp. 215, 201; Ward 2008). The Pipe Rolls do, however, bear witness to the landholdings, status and tenure of high office by the de Thurnhams, potentially commensurate with such castle-building. Robert de Thurnham appears in Pipe Rolls dating from 2 Henry II (1155-1156) onwards, and there is still reference to his son Stephen in the Pipe Roll as late as that for the eighth year of the reign of Henry III (Michaelmas 1224) (PRS 92, New Series 54, The Great Roll of the Pipe for the eighth year of the reign of King Henry III, Michaelmas 1224 (Re TNA: PRO E 372/68) p. 145). Such documentary evidence may help support the view that a prestigious keep tower (similar in size to that at Sutton Valence) was constructed at this site (Ward 2008). Men such as the de Thurnhams might well have chosen to show off their wealth and power by the building of a great tower.
[Source: http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/133-2013/133-13.pdf. Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 133, 2013. Goacher, Deborah. Historical Research Notes. Kent and the Earlier Pipe Rolls (1130 to c. 1300): Some Introductory Notes, p. 332]
More detail then appears in the Pipe Roll for the first year of the reign of John (1198-1199):
And to Stephen de Turneham GB50 towards the provisioning of the castles of Dover and Hastinges and Pevenesel [?Pevensey, Sussex] by writ of G., son of Peter ... and in the repair of the gate of Chileham and the bridge and the rampart-walks of the castle, and to repair the rampart-walks of the castle of Canterbury 10 by the king's writ. And for carrying a certain hostage from the Tower of London to the castle of Rochester 10d. And in the livery of 10 mounted serjeants throughout 15 days 50s by the same writ (TNA: PRO E 372/45, rot 5r m 1; transcript in PRS 48, New Series 10, The Great Roll of the Pipe for the first year of the reign of King John, Michaelmas 1199 (re TNA: PRO E 372/45) pp. 59-69).
[Source: [Source: http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/133-2013/133-13.pdf. Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 133, 2013. Goacher, Deborah. Historical Research Notes. Kent and the Earlier Pipe Rolls (1130 to c. 1300): Some Introductory Notes, p. 331]
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Robert de Turnham came from a younger branch of the Turnhams of Thurnham, a village high up on the North Downs of Kent. The Turnhams were connected to the infamous Ranulph de Broc who put up the four knights to murder Thomas Becket in 1170. Coincidentally the Pilgrims’ Way passed right under
the brow of Thurnham Castle where the head of the family held court and must have been witness to a
constant stream of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury to visit the shrine of the martyred Archbishop.
The aforementioned Robert de Turnham had joined the Order and served as Guardian of Lynn
Friary in Norfolk from 1230 to 1232. In 1232 he was made the second Warden of the Cambridge Greyfriars where he remained until 1250. His family arms were those born by Stephen de Turnham, as Treasurer to King Richard I on the Third Crusade, who was probably his uncle.
[Source:http://www.theheraldrysociety.com/publications/heraldrygazette/2008-Jun.pdf]
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Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 132, 2012
Historical Research Notes
Bekesbourne and the King's Esnecca 1110-1445
p. 320 Eustace had a son also called Eustace but when Eustace senior died, probably in 1198, Eustace junior was still a child. Eustace's affairs, until he reached the age of majority, were in the hands of Robert of Tureham (now know [sic] as Thurnham) a wealthy Kent landowner with extensive maritime connections (commander of the English Fleet from 1191-1213) and he arranged for Eustace to be awarded the serjeanty as listed in the Testa de Nevill for 1198:
(Eustace) son of Eustace de Burnes who is under age and in the wardship of Robert de Turneham holds Burnes in serjeanty and it is worth GB10. In the hands of Robert de Turneham for our Lord King. [Liber Feodorum (Testa de Nevill), Part 1, Public Record Office, 1920, 1198, p. 13, II 49: "Stacekinus de Burnes qui est infra etatem et in custodia Roberti de Turneham tenet Bumes in seriantia, et valet x.1. In manu Roberti de Turneham per dominum regem."]
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