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Matches 2,051 to 2,100 of 3,417
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| 2051 |
Knight | BRADBURY, Sir Thomas Kt. (I10241)
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| 2052 |
Knight | LEVESON, Sir Richard (I10245)
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| 2053 |
Knight | LEVESON, Sir Walter (I10246)
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| 2054 |
Knight, of Titsey Place at Oxted in Surrey
Sir John Gresham (1495 - 23 October 1556 ) was an English merchant , courtier and financier who worked for King Henry VIII of England, Cardinal Wolsey and Thomas Cromwell. He was Lord Mayor of London and founded Gresham's School.
Gresham was probably born in 1495, at Holt, in Norfolk, and was descended from an old Norfolk family[1] (see section 'Gresham Family', below). Biographers have suggested that he probably attended a school kept by Augustinian canons at nearby Beeston Regis [2]. At that time, England was a Roman Catholic country and was largely dependent on the church for education.
In about 1510, Gresham was apprenticed to John Middleton, a London mercer, and after serving his seven years he was admitted as a member of the Worshipful Company of Mercers. In 1519, he and his older brother William Gresham were both elected to the livery of the company. Later, John Gresham was four times Master of the Mercers' Company[2]
Gresham was in partnership with his brother, Richard Gresham, in the export of textiles and in importing grain from Germany and wine from Bordeaux [2]. He also imported traded in silks and spices from the Ottoman Empire and imported timber and skins from the Baltic. He founded the Russia Company to trade with Russia. Meanwhile, he acted as an agent for Cardinal Wolsey [2], and through him knew Thomas Cromwell [2].
Gresham invested his money in land, buying the manors of Titsey, Tatsfield, Westerham, and Lingfield on the borders of Surrey and Kent, as well as properties in Norfolk and Buckinghamshire. He lived at a great house called Titsey Place at Oxted in Surrey from 1534 until his death[3].
Gresham was Sheriff of London and Middlesex in 1537–1538 and at the same time was knighted[2]. He was a member of the Royal household between 1527 and 1550, first as a 'gentleman pensioner' and later as one of the 'esquires of the body' of King Henry VIII [2]. In 1539, the king granted Gresham the manor of Sanderstead in Surrey, following the dissolution of the monasteries: it had previously belonged to the Minster of Winchester since the year 962.
In 1541, Gresham was one of the jurors who tried Thomas Culpepper and Francis Dereham for treason - that is, intimacy with Queen Catherine Howard[2]. Both were duly beheaded at Tyburn on 10 December 1541, and their heads were put on display on London Bridge. Queen Catherine Howard was subsequently executed on 13 February 1542.
In 1546, he was one of the King's commissioners to survey the properties of chantries to be dissolved in Surrey and Sussex[2].
In 1547, Sir John Gresham became Lord Mayor of London,[2] and after the end of his term of office continued to serve as an alderman.[4]
In 1555, a year before his death, he founded Gresham's School in the town of his birth, Holt in Norfolk. Gresham endowed the school with land and money and placed these endowments in the care of the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers, which has continued to carry out his trust to the present day[2].
Gresham died on 23 October 1556, ‘of a malignant fever’. His tomb is in the City of London church of St Michael Bassishaw[1].
The Gresham Family
It has been claimed that Sir John Gresham belonged to a Norman family, his ancestor in the male line being Ralph de Braunche, one of the knights of William the Conqueror who fought at the Battle of Hastings (1066) under William de Warenne and was later granted lands in Norfolk which included the manor of Gresham, a descendant changing his name to "de Gresham". While evidence for this is lacking, it seems very likely that the manor of Gresham is indeed the ancestral home of the Gresham family,[5][6] and a branch of the family was established at Holt by the fifteenth century.[7] According to Francis Blomefield in An essay towards a topographical history of the county of Norfolk (1808), James Gresham, the grandfather of Sir John Gresham, was "the son of John Gresham, Gent., of Gresham".[8]
A John Gresham was baptized in 1340 at Aylmerton, Norfolk, and died there in 1410, owning property in Aylmerton and an interest in the manor of Holt. His son John Gresham was born in 1390 and died in 1450. In 1414, he was living at Holt. His son, James Gresham, of Holt, Norfolk, Lord of the Manor of East Beckham, lived from 1442 to 1497, and his son John Gresham of Holt married Alice Blyth and was the father of Sir John Gresham[1][9].
Gresham had brothers called William and Richard. The latter became Sir Richard Gresham and was also a Lord Mayor of London in 1537; he was the father of the famous Sir Thomas Gresham who founded the Royal Exchange and Gresham College, both in the City of London.
Sir John Gresham married twice: firstly, in 1521, Mary Ipswell, with whom he had twelve children between 1522 and 1538, and secondly, after Mary's death, Catherine Sampson, the widow of Edward Dormer, on 15 July 1553.
Descendants of Sir John Gresham
The twelve children of John and Mary Gresham were William, Mary, Catherine, James, John, Edmund, Anthony, Ellen, Ursula, Cecily, Elizabeth and Richard. Most of them died without issue, but the senior line of Gresham's descendants continued until the early nineteenth century.
Gresham's eldest son, William Gresham (1512–1579), was the father of Sir Thomas Gresham of Titsey (died 1630), whose sons were Sir John Gresham of Titsey (1588–1643) and Sir Edward Gresham of Titsey (1594–1647). The latter's son, Sir Marmaduke Gresham of Limpsfield (1627–1696), was created a baronet in 1660.
The 17th century Greshams sat as Members of Parliament, loyally supported King Charles I throughout the Civil War , and suffered from the victory of Cromwell. In 1643 the house at Titsey was commandeered by the Parliamentarians, but at the time of the Restoration in 1660 the new King Charles II created the head of the family, Marmaduke Gresham, a baronet as a reward for the family's support for the Royalist cause. This title died out with Sir John Gresham, sixth and last Baronet, of Limpsfield (who died in 1801). However, the last Sir John Gresham's daughter and heiress, Katherine Maria Gresham, married William Leveson-Gower, first cousin of the Marquess of Stafford, later the first Duke of Sutherland, and through Katherine Maria the Titsey estate continued to be owned by Sir John Gresham's descendants until the death of Thomas Leveson Gower in 1992. By his will, Leveson Gower set up the Titsey Foundation, a charitable trust with the aim of preserving the estate for the benefit of the nation.
Nevertheless, the first Sir John Gresham's line continues in the descendants of his third son, another John Gresham, who was the ancestor of the Greshams of Fulham, Albury, and Haslemere.
Gresham's School
In 1555, shortly before his death, Gresham (Holt) founded Gresham's School in his home town of Holt, Norfolk, placing its endowments under the stewardship of the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers, which has continued to carry out the task entrusted to it until the present day[10].
The Gresham Grasshopper
The grasshopper is the crest above Sir John Gresham's coat of arms. It can be seen at Titsey Place, his country house, and is used by Gresham's School, which he founded. It can also be seen as the weathervane on the Royal Exchange in the City of London, founded in 1565 by Gresham's nephew Sir Thomas Gresham. Gresham's original Royal Exchange building (destroyed in the Great Fire of London of 1666) was profusely decorated with grasshoppers. The grasshopper is also used as a symbol by Gresham College in the City of London, which Sir Thomas also established.
According to an ancient legend of the Greshams, the founder of the family, Roger de Gresham, was a foundling abandoned as a new-born baby in long grass in North Norfolk in the 13th century and found there by a woman whose attention was drawn to the child by a grasshopper. A beautiful story, it is more likely that the grasshopper is simply an heraldic rebus on the name Gresham, with gres being a Middle English form of grass (Old English grœs).
In the system of English heraldry, the grasshopper is said to represent wisdom and nobility.
The Gresham family motto is Fiat voluntas tua ('Thy will be done').[11]
References:
1. a b c Sir John Gresham (c.1495–1556) in Gresham, Sir Richard (c.1485–1549), mercer, merchant adventurer, and mayor of London by Ian Blanchard in Dictionary of National Biography.
2. a b c d e f g h i j k I Will Plant Me a Tree: an Illustrated History of Gresham's School by S. G. G. Benson & Martin Crossley Evans (James & James, London, 2002)
3. Titsey Place /www.titsey.org/index.htm (accessed 9 September 2007)
4. Herbert, William, (1771-1851) The History of the Twelve Great Livery Companies of London (London, Wm Herbert, 1836) pp. 80-81 [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-BgHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA80&lpg=PA80&dq=School&source=web&ots=BQEhU1YlM-&sig=fm-dqH7Fw33Bil44CDoPyzliAkM&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result] at books.google.co.uk: By letters patent of 1555, the school Gresham founded at Holt was called in full "The Free Grammar School of Sir John Gresham, knight, citizen and alderman of London".
5. Burgon, J. W., The Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham (London, 1839, new edition 1968)
6. Leveson-Gower, Granville William Gresham, Genealogy of the family of Gresham (1883)
7. Norfolk Archaeology v. 34 for 1966-1969, (1969), p. 36
8. p. 173 http://books.google.com/books?id=LAYVAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA173, accessed 4 February 2009
9. John Gresham of Aylmerton and Holt (www.geocities.com/antus79/john_gresham.html) (accessed 9 September 2007)
10. The History and Register of Gresham's School, 1555-2009(Memphie,2009.)
11. Granville William Gresham Leveson Gower, Genealogy of the family of Gresham (1883) p. 27
Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham by J.W. Burgon (London, 1839) | GRESHAM, Sir John (I10227)
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| 2055 |
Known as Berta Ruck or Berta Onions, authored many children's books and lived to almost 100 years old. | RUCK, Amy Roberta (I5891)
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| 2056 |
Known for Involvement in the Wars of the Roses
Residence Warkworth Castle
Locality Yorkshire, Northumberland, Cumberland
Net worth c. £3,100 gross in 1455[1]
Wars and battles Anglo-Scottish Border Wars
• Battle of Sark
Wars of the Roses
• First Battle of St Albans
Offices Warden of the East March
Constable of England
He was an English nobleman and military commander in the lead up to the Wars of the Roses. He was the son of Henry "Hotspur" Percy, and the grandson of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland. His father and grandfather were killed in different rebellions against Henry IV in 1403 and 1408 respectively, and the young Henry spent his minority in exile in Scotland. Only after the death of Henry IV in 1413 was he reconciled with the Crown, and in 1416 he was created Earl of Northumberland.
In the following years, Northumberland occasionally served with the king in France, but his main occupation was the protection of the border to Scotland. At the same time, a feud with the Neville family was developing, particularly with Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury. This feud became entangled with the conflict between the dukes of York and Somerset over control of national government. The conflict culminated in the first battle of the Wars of the Roses, at St Albans, where both Somerset and Northumberland were killed.
Family-background
Henry Percy was the son of another Henry Percy, known as "Hotspur", and Elizabeth Mortimer. Elizabeth was the daughter of Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March and Philippa, granddaughter of Edward III. Hotspur's father – the young Henry's grandfather – was also called Henry Percy, and in 1377 became the first of the Percy family to hold the title of Earl of Northumberland.[2] Both Hotspur and his father were early and active supporters of Henry Bolingbroke, who usurped the throne from Richard II in 1399, and became King Henry IV. They were initially richly rewarded, but soon grew disillusioned with the new regime. Hotspur rose up in rebellion, and was killed at Shrewsbury on 21 July 1403.[3]
Hotspur's father, the earl, was not present at the battle, but there is little doubt that he participated in the rebellion.[4] After a short imprisonment, he was pardoned, and in June 1404 he delivered his grandson into the king's custody at Doncaster.[5] By May 1405, however, the earl was involved in another rebellion. His plans failed, and he was forced to flee to Scotland, taking his grandson with him.[6] The following years were marked by an itinerant life and further plotting, while the young Henry remained in the custody of the Duke of Albany.[4] On 19 February 1408, the first earl of Northumberland was killed in the Battle of Bramham Moor, leaving the young Henry Percy as heir apparent to the earldom.[7] Henry remained in Scotland until the accession of Henry V in 1413, when he tried to claim his grandfather's title. His cause was aided by the king's aunt, Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, who arranged his marriage to her daughter Eleanor.[8] It was in Henry V's interest to reconcile with the Percys, with their vast network in the north of England; on 11 May 1414, Henry Percy was restored to the Earldom of Northumberland,[9] followed by a formal creation on 16 March 1416.[10][b]
Service to the king
Warkworth Castle in Northumberland was the main residence of the Percy family.
Northumberland served occasionally in Henry V's wars in France over the following years. He joined the king on an expedition to the Continent in 1416, and sent a minor contingent of soldiers the next year.[5] His main task, however, was the defence of the Scottish Borders, and on 16 December 1416 he was appointed Warden of the East March.[11] In late August 1417, the Scots invaded northern England; while Albany laid siege to Berwick Castle, the Earl of Douglas attempted to take Roxburgh Castle. Percy lifted the siege of Berwick, and forced both Albany and Douglas across the border.[11] At the same time, he was also involved in national political affairs, and acted as steward at the coronation of Henry's queen Catherine on 24 February 1421.[5]
When Henry V died in 1422, Northumberland was appointed member of the council appointed to govern during the minority of Henry VI. He might have been involved in an embassy to the Council of Siena in 1423, but still his main area of responsibility lay in the border region.[5] In the council, he seems to have belonged to the circle around Bishop Henry Beaufort, and he followed Beaufort – now cardinal – to peace negotiations at Berwick in 1429.[5] As Warden of the East March, he was constantly occupied with peace negotiations and defence of northern England, but his efforts were constantly frustrated, and in 1434 he resigned his commission.[12][13] The next year, Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, equally exasperated by the lack of royal support, gave up his commission as Warden of the West March. Northumberland was appointed joint warden with the earl of Huntingdon of both marches for one year, during which time, although suffering defeat by the Earl of Angus at the Battle of Piperdean,[14][15] he was able to repel a siege on Roxburgh by James I of Scotland.[16] In 1440 he was once more appointed Warden of the West March, and this time held the position until his death.[17]
Feud with Neville family
Initially, Northumberland's relations with the other great northern family, the Nevilles, were friendly. He was already connected to the Beaufort-Nevilles through his marriage with Eleanor Neville, and in 1426 he married his sister Elizabeth to the young Ralph Neville, 2nd Earl of Westmorland.[5] In the early 1440s, Northumberland was involved in other disputes. A conflict over land with the Archbishop of York escalated into open violence.[18] The king intervened on the archbishop's side, though Northumberland remained in favour at court. Nevertheless, he spent less time involved in central affairs at Westminster in the later 1440s.[5]
In the early 1450s, the relationship between the Percy family[who?] and the Earl of Salisbury – Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland's son by his second wife Joan Beaufort – started to deteriorate.[19] What triggered the conflict was the marriage between Salisbury's son Thomas and Maud Stanhope, niece and heiress of Lord Cromwell.[20] By this marriage Wressle Castle, which had traditionally been in the possession of the Percy family, would pass to the Nevilles.[21] At the same time, the Neville-Cromwell wedding had led Huntingdon (now Duke of Exeter) to join the cause of the Percys, because of a territorial dispute with Cromwell. Northumberland himself, who was nearing sixty, did not take action at the time, but one of his younger sons did. Thomas Percy had been created Baron Egremont in 1449, relating to his possessions in the Neville-dominated county of Cumberland.[22] On 24 August 1453, Thomas attacked the Neville-Cromwell wedding party at Heworth near York with a force of over 700 men.[20] No one was killed in the skirmish, and the wedding party escaped intact.[23]
The conflict, however, continued over the following years. On 8 October, Northumberland and Salisbury were summoned to court and ordered to end the conflict, but the warnings were ignored.[5] Instead, the collective forces of the Percy and Neville families gathered at their Yorkshire strongholds of Topcliffe and Sand Hutton respectively, only a few miles apart.[24] Both sides had ignored royal commands to disband, and battle seemed inevitable, but eventually a truce ensued and the forces withdrew.[5] Then, in October 1454, Thomas Percy and his brother Richard were captured by the Nevilles in a battle at Stamford Bridge.[22][25] The conflict was escalating, and converging with events in national politics.
Towards civil war
Henry Percy was buried at the abbey of St Albans Cathedral.
Discontent was brewing in England against the personal rule of Henry VI, who had been declared of age in 1437. The main antagonists were Richard, Duke of York, and Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. Somerset enjoyed great influence over the king, but after Henry had been incapacitated by mental illness in 1453, York was appointed protector in 1454.[26] The Nevilles were by this time closely associated with York, so the natural option for Northumberland was to side with Somerset and the king.[5] Attempts were made to reconcile Northumberland and Salisbury in the north, but little was accomplished. In December, the king rallied sufficiently to resume control of government, and York's protectorate was terminated.[27] With Somerset back at the centre of power, civil war seemed imminent.
In May 1455, Northumberland was travelling with the king and Somerset to a great council at Leicester, when the party was intercepted by York and the Nevilles.[28] On 22 May 1455, at the First Battle of St Albans, the royal forces clashed with the forces loyal to the Duke of York, in what has been described as the first battle of the Wars of the Roses.[29] The battle was a complete victory for the Yorkist side, and led to another reversal of the political situation.[30] The king was taken captive, and Somerset was killed. Northumberland was also among the casualties, and was buried at the nearby St Albans Abbey.[5] A suggestion made by a contemporary chronicler, and supported by modern-day historians, said that the true purpose of the battle was to settle personal scores.[5][31] Once York and Salisbury had killed Somerset and Northumberland respectively, the battle was effectively over.[32][33]
Estates and family
The Percy estates were primarily located in the northern counties of Yorkshire, Northumberland, and Cumberland.[5] Even though the title was restored in 1416, and the Percy estates were officially regranted, this did not mean the immediate return of all the family possessions. Protracted legal battles followed, particularly with John, Duke of Bedford.[17] Even at the time of his death, Northumberland had not recovered all the estates once held by his grandfather.[1]
Northumberland's marriage to Eleanor Neville produced at least ten children. Henry Percy was succeeded by his son Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, who himself died fighting in the Wars of the Roses, at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461.[34]
Name Birth date Death date Notes
John Percy 8 July 1418 –
Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland 25 July 1421 29 March 1461 Killed at the Battle of Towton
Thomas Percy, 1st Baron Egremont 29 November 1422 10 July 1460 Killed at the Battle of Northampton
Lady Katherine Percy 28 May 1423 Aft. 1475 Married Lord Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent
George Percy 24 July 1424 14 November 1474 Rector of Rothbury and Caldbeck
Sir Ralph Percy 1425 25 April 1464 Killed at the Battle of Hedgeley Moor
Sir Richard Percy 1426/27 29 March 1461 Killed at the Battle of Towton
William Percy 7 April 1428 26 April 1462 Bishop of Carlisle
Joan Percy 1430 1482 a nun at Whitby
Anne Percy[35][36] 3 February[37]
probably aft. 1428 5 July 1522[38] Married Sir Lawrence Raynesford and Sir Hugh Vaughan.[35] Depicted in a stained glass at the Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford.[39]
Ancestry
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Ancestors of Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland
Notes
a. ^ Though the Dictionary of National Biography operates with the year 1394,[5] other sources give his year of birth as 1393.[6][40]
b. ^ This was a new creation, to stress that the attainder of the first earl had not been undone.[5][8]
References
Rose (2002), p. 371.
Fryde (1961), p. 441.
Walker (2004)
Bean (2004)
Griffiths (2004a).
Lomas (1999), p. 83.
Wagner (2001), pp. 198–9.
Lomas (1999), p. 84.
Gray Birch 1884, p. 403.
Cokayne 1936, p. 715.
Rose (2002), p. 372.
Pollard (1990), p. 151.
Rose (2002), p. 385.
Brenan Vol I p 100
Balfour Paul VolII p11
Rose (2002), pp. 388–9.
Lomas (1999), p. 85.
Pollard (1990), pp. 246–7.
Rose (2002), pp. 394–5.
Lomas (1999), p. 86.
Pollard (1990), pp. 255–6.
Griffiths (2004b).
Rose (2002), pp. 402–3.
Storey (1966), pp. 131–2.
Lomas (1999), p. 87.
Carpenter (1997), p. 129.
Carpenter (1997), p. 134.
Harriss (2005), p. 538.
Saul (1997), p. 131.
Rose (2002), pp. 412–4.
Storey (1986), pp. 162.
Pollard (1990), pp. 263–5.
Lomas (1999), p. 88.
Griffiths (2004c).
Richardson III 2011, p. 345.
Richardson II 2011, p. 432, endnotes.
Collins 1812, p. 291.
Richardson II 2011, p. 431.
Gray Birch 1884, p. 401–403.
Rose (2002), p. xiii.
Sources
Bean, J. M. W. (2004). "Percy, Henry, first earl of Northumberland (1341–1408)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21932. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.), The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Hunt, W. (1895). "Percy, Henry, first Earl of Northumberland (1342–1408)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Collins, A. (1812). Egerton Brydges (ed.). Collins's Peerage of England. 2. London. Online.
Brenan, Gerald (1902). A History of the House of Percy. London: Freemantle.
Balfour Paul, James (1902). A History of the House of Dougls. London: Freemantle.
Carpenter, Christine (1997). The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c. 1437–1509. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-31874-2.
Cokayne, G. (1936). H.A. Doubleday; Baron Howard de Walden (eds.). The Complete Peerage. 9 (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press.
Fryde, E. B. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (Second ed.). London: Royal Historical Society.
Gray Birch, W. (21 May 1884). "The Lady Anne Percy's Portrait in Stained Glass at Long Melford". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 1st series. 40 (4): 400–408. doi:10.1080/00681288.1884.11887721.
Griffiths, R. A. (2004a). "Percy, Henry, second earl of Northumberland (1394–1455)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21933. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.), The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Hunt, W. (1895). "Percy, Henry, second Earl of Northumberland (1394–1455)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Griffiths, R. A. (2004b). "Percy, Thomas, first Baron Egremont (1422–1460)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50235. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Griffiths, R. A. (2004c). "Percy, Henry, third earl of Northumberland (1421–1461)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21934. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Harriss, Gerald (2005). Shaping the Nation: England, 1360–1461. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-822816-3.
Lomas, Richard (1999). A Power in the Land: The Percys. East Linton: Tuckwell. ISBN 1-86232-067-5. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
Pollard, A. J. (1990). North-Eastern England During the Wars of the Roses: Lay Society, War and Politics, 1450–1500. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 0-19-820087-0.
Richardson, D. (2011). Kimball G. Everingham (ed.). Magna Carta Ancestry. 2 (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-4499-6638-6.
Richardson, D. (2011). Kimball G. Everingham (ed.). Magna Carta Ancestry. 3 (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-4499-6639-3.
Rose, Alexander (2002). Kings in the North – The House of Percy in British History. London: Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-485-4.
Saul, Nigel (1997). Nigel Saul (ed.). The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval England. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820502-3. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
Storey, R.L. (1986) [1966]. The End of the House of Lancaster. Gloucester: Sutton. ISBN 0-86299-290-7.
Wagner, J. A. (2001). Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses. Santa Barbara, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-85109-358-3.
Walker, Simon (2004). "Percy, Sir Henry (1364–1403)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21931. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Tait, J. (1895). "Percy, Sir Henry, called Hotspur (1364–1403)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Percy,_2nd_Earl_of_Northumberland | PERCY, Henry 2nd Earl of Northumberland, 5th Baron Percy (I18648)
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| 2057 |
Knt. of Denne Hill, who sat in Parliament for the city of Canterbury 19th Edward II. [1326] and for the county of Kent in the 14th of the following reign [1341]. Sir William espoused Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of Hamo de Gatton, of Boughton and Wormshill, Kent, and left a son and successor. MP for Canterbury 19 Edw II and for Kent 14 Edw. III.
A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of ..., Volume 1
By John Burke, Bernard Burke, pp 324-325, Denne of Denne Hill. | A’DENNE, Sir William Knight (I13134)
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| 2058 |
L.L.D. | DARREL, Nicholas (I12547)
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| 2059 |
Lady Eleanor Neville (c. 1397–1472)[1] was the second daughter of Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland (died 1425), by his second wife, Joan Beaufort, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.
Marriage and children
She was married first to Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh, a grandson of Gaunt's younger brother Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York. After his early death without issue, she married Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland (killed at the First Battle of St Albans, 1455).
Eleanor and Henry had 9 children:
John Percy (b. 8 July 1418)
Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland (25 July 1421 – 29 March 1461, Battle of Towton)
Thomas Percy, 1st Baron Egremont (29 November 1422, Leconfield, Yorkshire – 10 July 1460, Battle of Northampton, England)
Lady Katherine Percy (28 May 1423 – d. aft 1475). She married Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent
George Percy (24 July 1424 – 14 November 1474)
Sir Ralph Percy (1425 – 25 April 1464, Battle of Hedgeley Moor)
Sir Richard Percy (1426/7–29 March 1461, Battle of Towton)
William Percy, Bishop of Carlisle (7 April 1428 – 26 April 1462)
Joan Percy
External links
Inquisition Post Mortem #632, assignment of Dower, dated 1415.
References
"Person Page". thepeerage.com.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_Neville,_Countess_of_Northumberland | NEVILLE, Eleanor (I18649)
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| 2060 |
Lady of the Ringe | DEE AKA LISON AP GRONWELL, Elionore (I12538)
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| 2061 |
Landlord of the Coach & Horses in Whitstable during the late 1800s. | RUCK, Frederick Richard (I7092)
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| 2062 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I11992)
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| 2063 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I11991)
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| 2064 |
Last name: Warman
Romantically, this very interesting English medieval surname would suggest a one man army, but this is almost certainly not the case! The name derives either from the Olde English pre 7th Century personal name "Waermund", consisting of the elements "waer", meaning "faith", and "mund", protector (Protector of the Faith), or from the Olde English "waru" meaning "goods", plus "mann", a merchant, in effect one who sold "wares". The nearest modern equivalent would be a draper or haberdasher. The surname, perhaps not surprisingly, is very early, and one of the first "proven" occupational names. In addition to the first recording (below), other examples include Richard Wareman of Northampton in 1263, John Waremund in the 1275 Hundred Rolls of Berkshire, and William Warman of London in 1330. Later recordings include William Warman who married Alice Smythe at Therfield, Hertfordshire, on July 25th 1595, although earlier, on May 30th 1562, Agnes Wareman was christened at Kelsall, parents not recorded. On November 27th 1681, Eliza Warman married a John Squire at St. James' Church, Dukes Place, London, in the reign of Charles 11 (1660 - 1685). The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Henry Wareman, which was dated 1214, in the "Curia Regis Rolls of Northampton", during the reign of King John, known as "Lackland", 1199 - 1216. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.[Source: http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Warman]
Possible marriage:
First name(s) Gilbert
Last name Warman
Residence Hastingleigh
Marriage year 1560
Marriage date 28 Nov 1580S???
Marriage place Hastingleigh
Spouse's first name(s) Sus
Spouse's last name Woodland
Spouse's residence Hastingleigh
Notes Date not shown probably 1560??s
County Kent
Country England
Record set Kent, East Kent marriage index 1538-1754 | WARMAN, Gilbert (I14119)
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| 2065 |
Later in the 1600’s Holt Street was occupied by the Gay family, who also held land in the Tenderden area in West Kent. When Edmund Gay, gentleman of Nonington,Kent, died in 1651 he was followed as tenant by his son, Jeremy. During the English Civil War Jeremy took the King’s side and suffered accordingly, his landlord, Major John Boys, had been on the opposing side. In 1670 Jeremy Gay and Robert Kingsford jointly leased Holt Street from Major Boys at Fredville who was by then heavily in debt to various creditors.
The estate consisted of:
A capital messuage and appurtenences together with barnes stables pidgeon house and out-houses thereto belonging or thereto used to enjoy (Holt Street Farm). And all the arable lands meadows pastures down-lands and woodland thereto belonging containing 252 acres more or less at or near Holt Street in the parish of Nonington in Kent.
And all that messuage with the appurtenences and all the land meadows and pasture thereunto belonging containing 14 acres lying in or near Holt Street now or late in the occupation of ? late in occupation of George Cork/Cock or his assigns. (Holt Street Cottage, adjacent land, and part of the land across the road on Cook’s Hill).
* And all the messuage of 4 acres of land in Nonington and in the occupation of ? Rist, widow, or her assigns
And the messuage and 3 acres of land therein enjoyed near Holt Street late in the occupation of Edward Symonds and his assigns.
And the barn called Symons’s Barn and the appurtenences being in the place or yard of the messuage last before mentioned and then occupied by Edward Symonds but now of Richard Kingsford or his assigns. (Now Ingleside in Holt Street, the barn was demolished in 1970’s).
And the messuage or tenement and appurtenences and 3 acres of land more or less thereto butting or adjoining aforesaid at or near Holt Street in the occupation of Thomas Packton or his assigns.
*And the messuage and 4 acres of land more or less being in Nonington also in the occupation of Thomas Packton or his Assigns (believed to be the present Butter Street Cottage).
*And the messuage or tenement and 4 acres of land more or less thereto belonging or the same used occupied or enjoyed situated in Womenswold occupied by John Morris.
+And 2 pieces or parcells of arable land called Chapman’s Close and thereof 8 acres or by what other name the same are called containing 20 acres in Nonington and in the occupation of Richard Kingsford or his assigns.(Chapman’s Close: the embanked field at the top of Chapman’s Hill, south side).
And the cottage or tenement and appurtenences and 1 acre of land more or less ( -?- ) near Holt Street within the lands occupied of George Cork/Cock and then or late of Samuel Turvey and his assigns (On the Holt Street cross-roads, the house was demolished and the land became Johnston’s Terrace around 1910).
*And a cottage or tenement and 1 acre of land by estimation in Nonington in the tenure of Samuel Browning and his assigns.
*And a cottage or tenement and 2 acres in Nonington in the occupation of George Marsh.
*And a cottage or tenement and appurtenences and 1 acre of land by estimation thereto belonging in Nonington and in the occupation of Wm Fagg and his assigns.
~And that wood and woodland called -?- Wood containing 13 acres and one half in Nonington in the occupation of Jeremy Gay.
Jeremy Gay, junior, was the subject of two court orders in 1672. Presumably Jeremy senior, his father, had died and Jeremy junior appears to have had got into debt as in January 1671 (1672) an ” Order after reciting the outlawry of Jeremy Gay of Nonington, Kent, and the seizure, 29 Jan., 1671–2, of his lands therein described at Tenterden on a motion on behalf of Edward and Samuel Curteis that on their giving security to abide the order of the court all further proceedings against the said lands be stayed” was issued. Edward and Samuel were the sons of Edward Curteis, senior, and Dorothy, the sister of Jeremy Gay, junior. Edward Curteis, senior, had been Mayor of Tenterden in 1663.
Later in the year an Order of the Court at Dover of 6th June, 1672 concerned the seizure of the property of Jeremy Gay, junior, of Tenterden and Nonington, Kent, for debt and his being made an outlaw.
After the court order, the Kingsford’s took over as sole tenants.
[Source: http://www.nonington.org.uk/holt-street/] | GAY, Jerome (I14186)
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| 2066 |
later, of Patricksbourne Court Lodge | DENNE, John (I13663)
|
| 2067 |
Laurence was buried as an "infant". | POPE, Laurence (I5021)
|
| 2068 |
Law clerk in 1901 and 1911. In 1911 residence was 106 Ardgowan Road, Catford, a 7 room house. 106, Ardgowan Road, London, Greater London SE6 1UU
3 bed, terraced
£645,000 sold 5 Jul 2019 Freehold
£81,000 sold 18 Aug 1995 Freehold
No other historical records
Interior photos on https://www.rightmove.co.uk/house-prices/detailMatching.html?prop=80373818&sale=10326280&country=england. | HART, Harry J. (I4847)
|
| 2069 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I8131)
|
| 2070 |
Lay vicar, choral, at Chichester Cathedral. MI in chancel of Adisham Church, aged 66, Will pr CCC 1616. | AUSTEN, Valentine (I11825)
|
| 2071 |
Layton Henry Rogers Alice ml 22 Nov 1606 he of Boughton Aluph, husbandman, she spinster of the same place. At St. Mary Bredman, Canterbury. See Leighton. | Family (F4399)
|
| 2072 |
LAYTON James DBL 23 Dec 1632 Godmersham BT
LAYTON Joane DBL 11 Nov 1654 wife of Robert, aged 70 years Godmersham BT
LAYTON John DBL 18 Jan 1608 Challock BT
LAYTON John DBL 18 Jan 1608 Godmersham BT
LAYTON Robert DBL 18 Mar 1657 Godmersham BT
LAYTON William DBL 12 Jul 1637 so Robert Godmersham BT
LAYTON James DUNNING Anne M 01 Nov 1620 Godmersham BT
LAYTON John SHERMAN Elizabeth M 12 Feb 1652 she widow Ospringe PR, BT | LAYTON, Henry (I14683)
|
| 2073 |
LDS Batch number I051550, Source Film Number: 1786588 Reference Number: item 4 p. Witness James Harris, Sarah Loggee. | Family (F1490)
|
| 2074 |
Leading Seaman Gunner RN (HMS Victory) and Boatswain, Mercantile Marine. | WILLIAMS, Gordon Frederick (I301)
|
| 2075 |
leaving issue, by Agnes his wife. | A’DENNE, James (I13104)
|
| 2076 |
Leonard Digges was born at Barham in the beginning of the sixteenth century and educated at University College, Oxford. "His mind," (says Fuller) "most inclined him to Mathematics, and he was the best architect in that age for all manner of buildings, for conveniency, pleasure, state, strength, being excellent at fortifications." He wrote a book on the measuring of land entitled "Tectonicum," published 1556, also a "Book of Rules," to judge the weather by "Sun, Moon and Stars," and other works. He died in 1573.
[See "Wood's Athenae Oxon,." by Bliss, "Biographia Britannica," "Fuller's Worthies," "Hasted's Kent," "Watt's Bibliotheca Britannica."]
Source: Men of Kent and Kentish Men, p. 39
http://ia351404.us.archive.org/2/items/menkentandkenti00hutcgoog/menkentandkenti00hutcgoog.pdf | DIGGES, Leonard, Esq. (I1613)
|
| 2077 |
Letter from Devon & Cornwall Constabulary dated 6 September 1990 and addressed to Mrs. E. F. Lewis of Tavistock:
"Dear Madam,
I refer to your letter of 20 August 1990 requesting an ancestral search.
Devon Constabulary records reveal the following information:-
John James Harris HILL: born 7 April 1867 Lifton: Appointed constable No. 57, 26 October 1886 (former occupation labourer): 5'10-1/2": chest 42": previous service 1 yr 8mths with Cornwall Constabulary: resigned on transfer to City of Exeter Force 8 November 1910: commended by Watch Committee for courageous and prompt action in stopping a runaway horse in New North Road on 27 June 1902: commended by Superintendent 'N' Division Devon Constabulary for meritorious conduct in apprehending three young men who had broken a shop window at Crediton and committed a robbery: retired on 26 October 1912 with 26 yrs police service and received a pension of GB1.1.4d per week.
Records of the Cornwall Constabulary are held at the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro. ...."
The New Inn in Chillington, Stokenham, Devon was in existence as early as 1850 (White's Directory) and as late as 1935 as found in Kelly's directory.
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1912 Post Office Directory
Hill, J. J. H., P.C., 26, cowick rd., st. thos.
Besley's Exeter Directory & Business Guide, 1906-11, p 908
Hill, J. J. H., P.C., 26, cowick rd., st. thos.
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exetermemories99@gmail.com
subject: for Exeter Memories
http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/_organisations/police19c.php
details of police service and postal directory listings sent to the above website on 8 Dec 2017
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Though he did not live to see this event, at the time of WWI Chillington was to be evacuated.
The following proclamation was posted in the villages of Torcross, Slapton, Strete, Blackawton, East Allington, Sherford, Stokenham and Chillington:
NOTICE
The public are reminded that requisition took effect from 16th November, from which date compensation is calculated. They will not, except for special reason, be disturbed in their possession until December 21st, but from that date the Admiralty may at any time, and without prior notice, enforce their right to immediate possession. It is therefore essential that EVERY PERSON SHOULD LEAVE THE AREA BY DECEMBER 20TH.
On December 21st the supply of electricity in the area will cease. The present measures for supplying food will not be continued, but will be replaced by arrangements of a purely emergency character. The police stations will be closing during the present week.
THE INFORMATION CENTRES will remain OPEN on SUNDAY DECEMBER 19th. They will be CLOSED from DECEMBER 21st, but officers will be present at BLACKAWTON to deal with urgent matters.
The telephone numbers of the information Centres are:
BLACKAWTON Blackawton 47 and 48
STOKENHAM Kingsbridge 2386 and 2387
As from December 21st all compensation matters will be dealt with by the Admiralty at DITTISHAM COURT HOTEL. (Tel: Dittisham 31)
Transport must now be taken on the date allotted except in the case of serious illness. All cases of illness which mat affect removal must be immediately reported to the Information Centre.
K.G. HARPER
Ministry of Home Security | HILL, John James Harris (I8)
|
| 2078 |
Letter of recommendation (original in possession of owner) respecting Minnie Hill was written by The Children's Aid Society of the County of Welland, Matron, Mrs. Levi Chambers, on 30 June 1936 as follows:
"To whom it may concern:-
Mrs. Victor Hill has been an employee of the County of Welland Children's Aid Society, for the past nine months in the capacity of Assistant Matron. We have found her honest and trustworthy, a good cook and economical in the kitchen. I have found her faithful to duty and willing and congenial to work with."
Information obtained from Dorothy Hardman and Edith Owlett: When Minnie and her family first arrived in Canada they took a house off of Davenport Road on Symington Avenue near the intersection with Lansdowne Avenue. Neither cousin was able to tell me just when Ada Jane "Lillian" moved with her new husband, Luke Owlett, to the property at 251 Silverthorne Avenue but they did recall that Minnie and Victor lived on Symington until their first daughter, Doris, was about 3 years old. At that time, sometime during 1920, Victor took a job as a stable hand at Havergall College for girls and moved his family out to Glengrove Avenue. The house number could not be remembered and the directions are a little hazy: "off Yonge Street, near Gray Road with Lawrence Avenue just behind them and Woburn in front of their house". It might be that Woburn formed a T-junction with Symington at their house or that the street names have been re-assigned since that time as, now, the only street with Glen as part of its' name that sits between Woburn Avenue and Lawrence Avenue West is Glengarry Avenue. From the Toronto house, of which I happened to have the antique main dining room fixture, the family moved to Wainfleet, Ontario, then to Silverdale, Effingham and finally into St. Catharines circa 1940. The family lived in Silverdale between 1931 and 1939, and in Effingham for a short time 1939-1940 before moving into St. Catharines. | BODEKER, Minnie Winifred (I1879)
|
| 2079 |
Letter of recommendation (original in possession of owner) respecting Victor John Hill was written by J. R. Burnett, North Toronto Cartage (3383 Yonge Street, Bedford Park) on 28 March 1922 as follows:
"This is to certify that Victor Hill has been in my employ as teamster from March to November 1920 and in that time proved himself to be a good faithful honest worker steady and very agreeable with his fellow workers."
In possession of owner, having been handed down to her by her mother, are four prize ribbons that had been won by Victor John Hill at the Royal Winter Fair held in Toronto, Ontario during the winters of 1924, 1925 and 1926. The ribbons are as follows: 1st Prize in the Poultry, Pigeons and Pet Stock category for 1924; 1st and 2nd Prizes in the Poultry, Pigeons and Pet Stock category for 1925; 3rd and 5th Prizes in the Poultry, Pigeons and Pet Stock category for 1924. Information from Susan's mother is that Victor used to raise Angora rabbits. Presumably these prize ribbons are for those rabbits.
From: Jacquie in Canada
In the 1921 directory I'm only seeing one Victor Hill listed but it says he was a student living at 555 Euchlid Avenue. In 1922 Victor is listed as a groom for the Toronto Hunt Club living on the south side of Glengarry Avenue. It seems to indicate Glengarry intersected with Avenue Road. There isn't a number listed and he's the only person listed on Glengarry in the directory. I was browsing through some of the census last night and I could have sworn I saw some entries for Glengarry but I can't remember where. I think it was in York South but I'm not sure. I tried again today and couldn't find it. I hope that helps a little. Jacquie
According to the 1921 census Victor Hill emigrated to Canada during 1908. The family was living on Glengarry Avenue and he was working as a groom.
The Fairweather family is for whom Victor John Hill worked at least in 1911 and possibly in 1910 in Wellington North. | HILL, Victor John (I4)
|
| 2080 |
LEYSDOWN, Kent, rectory
Date 23 Nov 1700
Description Registered lease to George Barrett of Canterbury, Kent, esq., Thomas Stanton of the precincts, Christ Church, Canterbury, gent., John Browning of Canterbury, gent., trustees of Hannah, now wife of George Ruck of Canterbury, innholder, and formerly widow of John Andrew of Canterbury, Kent.
Source: Estate Documents and Temporalities, TEMPORALITIES, REGISTERS AND SCHEDULES OF LEASES, Register of leases, TB 4/115, Lambeth Palace Library, England
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Marriage Allegation
Date FEBRUARY, 1696.
Ruck, George, wid. and Andrews, Hannah, wid.
Source: Marriage Allegations, FM I/16, Lambeth Palace Library, England
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LEYSDOWN, Kent, rectory
Date 8 July 1707
Lease to George Ruck [of Canterbury, Kent, innholder]
Source: Estate Documents and Temporalities, TEMPORALITIES, REGISTERS AND SCHEDULES OF LEASES, Register of leases, TB 5/100, Lambeth Palace Library, England
NOTE: HANNAH DISAPPEARS FROM LEASE AT THIS POINT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LEYSDOWN, Kent, rectory
Date 16 June 1714
Counterpart lease to Priscilla and Mary Ruck both of Wandsworth, Surrey, [later Canterbury, Kent] spinsters
Source: Estate Documents and Temporalities, TEMPORALITIES, REGISTERS AND SCHEDULES OF LEASES, Register of leases, TA 623/3, Lambeth Palace Library, England
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LEYSDOWN, Kent, rectory
Date 27 May 1763
Lease to Mary Ruck [of Canterbury, Kent, spinster]
Source: Estate Documents and Temporalities, TEMPORALITIES, REGISTERS AND SCHEDULES OF LEASES, Register of leases, TA 623/10, Lambeth Palace Library, England
NOTE: PRISCILLA DISAPPEARS FROM LEASE AT THIS TIME
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|
| 2081 |
lic
James Collins of Faversham victualler bachelor (26) and Jane Henley of the same, spinster (22) at Ospringe, Faversham or Preston. 7 Oct 1752
NB Different surname for wife in licence as compared to PR entry. | Family (F5230)
|
| 2082 |
lic
Thomas Ely of Faversham, dredger, bachelor (26) and Mary Rigden of the same (20, mother Alice Rigden), at Faversham. 12 Nov 1754.
both of this parish - lic. Wit: John Clarke, Uriah Burr | Family (F5232)
|
| 2083 |
lic
Thomas Rigden, widower and Alice Wamsly, widow, both of Faversham. At. Faversham. June 27, 1729. | Family (F5233)
|
| 2084 |
Licenced victualler, 35 Mote Road, "Rose Inn", taken over from his father, Francis circa 1880. | HILLS, Walter (I10797)
|
| 2085 |
Lieutenant of Sepoys. Died unmarried. | SCUDAMORE, John (I12900)
|
| 2086 |
Like his father, this Edward pursued a career as a lathrender and most likely had apprenticed with him during his teen years and early adult life. Sometime between the birth of his second child, Fred, in 1887, and Elizabeth in 1889, Edward had moved his family back to Faversham. They were found living at 24 Cyprus Road. He was continuing his vocation of lathrending. | STREETER, Edward (I3194)
|
| 2087 |
Like one of these burials is for this Marie Silver
SURNAME GIVEN NAME EVT DATE YEAR PARENTS/SPOUSE PLACE SOURCE
SILVER Marie DBL 09 Apr 1629 Faversham AD, BT
SILVER Marie DBL 05 Mar 1638 Faversham PR AD BT | SYLVER, Marie (I17112)
|
| 2088 |
Line that leads to the Kennedys. | SANDER, Augusta Catharina Mathilde (I19553)
|
| 2089 |
Line that leads to the Schuberts and Tanya Wittwer. | SANDER, Johannes Freidrich Leopold (I19545)
|
| 2090 |
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, KG (Norman: Leonell Duc de Clarence; 29 November 1338 – 17 October 1368[1][2]) was the third son, but the second son to survive infancy, of the English king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. He was named after his birthplace, at Antwerp in the Duchy of Brabant.[3] Lionel was born of a Flemish mother and was a grandson of William I, Count of Hainaut. He grew to be nearly seven feet in height and had an athletic build.[4][5]
First marriage
Betrothed as a child to Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster (died 1363), daughter and heiress of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, he was married to her in 1352, but before this date he had entered into possession of her great Irish inheritance. He was called Earl of Ulster from 1347.[6]
Ireland
Having been named as his father's representative in England in 1345 and again in 1346, Lionel joined an expedition into France in 1355, but his chief energies were reserved for the affairs of Ireland.[6]
Appointed governor of that country, he landed at Dublin in 1361, and in November of the following year was created Duke of Clarence, the third dukedom created in England, while his father made an abortive attempt to secure for him the crown of Scotland. His efforts to secure an effective authority over his Irish lands were only moderately successful. After holding a parliament at Kilkenny, which passed the celebrated Statute of Kilkenny in 1366, he dropped the task in disgust and returned to England.[6]
The poet Geoffrey Chaucer was at one time a page in Lionel's household.[6]
Second marriage
After Lionel's first wife Elizabeth died in 1363, a second marriage was arranged with Violante Visconti, daughter of Galeazzo Visconti, lord of Pavia. Journeying to fetch his bride, Lionel was received in great state both in France and Italy and was married to Violante at Milan in June 1368. Some months were then spent in festivities, during which Lionel was taken ill at Alba, where he died on 17 October 1368.[6] There was strong speculation at the time that he had been poisoned by his father-in-law,[7] although this has never been proven.
Issue
Lionel had only one child, Philippa, daughter of his first wife Elizabeth. In 1368 she married Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March. Their granddaughter and eventual heir, Anne Mortimer, married into the Yorkist branch of the English royal family and was the mother of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York. Even though Richard was a descendant in the male line of Edward III, the House of York based its claim to the English throne on descent through the female line from Lionel to establish a lasting blood line. (Edward's first-born son, the Black Prince, had no legitimate descendants past his two sons Edward of Angoulême and King Richard II.)[6] Lionel was the ancestor of Kings Edward IV, Edward V, Richard III and all later British monarchs except for Henry VII, whose wife Elizabeth of York was Lionel's descendant.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence
Arms
One reputed version of Lionel's coat of arms
Lionel's arms were at some point those of the kingdom, differenced by a label argent of five points, with each point bearing a cross gules, thus presenting the flag of England's Saint George's cross on each point[13] There are also suggestions, such as the above image, that at some point he bore a differentiating label argent of three points, each bearing a canton gules.
Notes
"Lionel of Antwerp, duke of Clarence | English noble". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
Nichols, John; Gough, Richard (1780). A collection of all the wills, now known to be extant, of the kings and queens of England, princes and princesses of Wales, and every branch of the blood royal, from the reign of William the Conqueror to that of Henry the Seventh exclusive : with explanatory notes, and a glossary. J. Nichols. p. 90. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
Ormrod 2008.
Strickland, Agnes (2009). Lives of the Queens of England from the Norman Conquest: With Anecdotes of the Courts: First Published From Official Records and Other Authentic Documents, Private as Well as Public. Volume II. p.181. Google Books. Retrieved 14 August 2014
Maskel, J. (21 June 1890). "The Dukedom of Clarence". Notes and Queries. 7. London, UK: Oxford University Press. 9 (234): 481–483. ISSN 0029-3970. OCLC 2623018. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
Chisholm 1911, p. 248.
Frances Stonor Saunders, Hawkwood: Diabolical Englishman (2004).[specify]
Armitage-Smith, Sydney (1905). John of Guant: King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, Seneschal of England. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 21. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
von Redlich, Marcellus Donald R. Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants. I. p. 64.
Weir, Alison (1999). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. London: The Bodley Head. pp. 75, 92.
Anselme de Sainte-Marie, Père (1726). Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France [Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of France] (in French). 1 (3rd ed.). Paris: La compagnie des libraires. pp. 87–88.}
Anselme 1726, pp. 381–382
Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family
References
Ormrod, W. M. (January 2008) [2004]. "Lionel, duke of Clarence (1338–1368)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/16750. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Clarence, Dukes of s.v. Lionel of Antwerp". Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 428.
Further reading
Tout, Thomas Frederick (1893). "Lionel of Antwerp" . Dictionary of National Biography. 33. pp. 335–338.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_of_Antwerp,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence | PLANTAGENET, Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence KG (I18659)
|
| 2091 |
listed as a "brewer" on his burial record at St. Mildred's, Canterbury.
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From Freemen of the City of Canterbury 1300-1800
Collard, John, beerbrewer. 1574.
1584 "COLLARD", the son of a rich brewer at Canterbury, killed a poor man there in the open street. Manwood, the Lord Chief Baron threatened to hang him, but by means of £240, paid by the father, the son had his pardon by the Chief Baron's means, and ever after wore the Chief Baron's livery, and walks the streets of Canterbury to the disparagement of justice and the great grief of all the honest inhabitants there." Ibid, p.270 - The Literary Panoram 1810
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Testamenta Cantiana
St Nicholas at Wade, p. 273-274
Matthew Roke, 1520 (A. 13, fol. 57)
Stephen Caller [could this be Coller], 1487 (Con. 3, fol. 121)
Preston Wingham, p. 249-250
St. Mildred, buried in the churchyard Stephen Collard, 1478 (A. 3, 8)
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Will of William Collard of Ash-next-Sandwich, 3 Nov 1479
Buried in the churchyard. To the High alter 12d., and to the reparation of the church 16d.. To the Light called Bardingstret in the church, a bushel of barley. Margery, my mother to have 20s and 12 ewes; to my wife, JOAN, six ewes, a cow and two calves; to ISABELLA, my sister, a cow. To ROGER the son of THOMAS COLLARD of Preston, one ewe. My wife, JOAN, to have one low room (bassa Camera) on the north side of my tenement, with free coming and going during her life, and after her death all to THOMAS COLLARD and JOHN COLLARD, my Executors.
Probate granted 21 December 1479.
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Will of John Collard of Ash-next-Sandwich, 20 Apr 1483.
To be buried in the churchyard. To the High alter 6s 8d and to the maintenance of the Light of the Blessed Mary of Pity GB4.00. To repair the bad road at Weryshawthorne, 3s 4d.. To my Daughters, CRISTINE and JOAN, each to have 5 marcs at their marriage. To a priest to sing for my soul and to WILLIAM COLLARD, my brother, etc. 10 marcs. My Executrix to be my wife, CECILIE, and to have the residue of my estate. Two acres of arable land in the parish of Preston in Chekerfield next Sawynton to be sold by THOMAS COLLARD, my feoffee and the money used to pay my just debts, etc. My wife to have for her life all my lands and tenements, then to be given to CRISTINE and JOAN, my daughters equally, and their heirs, but if none to WILLIAM, son of RICHARD COLLARD my brother.
Probate granted 14 July 1483
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HENRY CHAPLEYN.
23 January I471-2. Buried in the church yard. High altar 3a. 4d ; and, to the church for a Porifor to be bought 20s. To the altar of St. John Baptist 20s. To repair bad roads 20s. Wife Margaret have two of the best horses, two cows, two pigs and all the grain upon twelve acres of land of Heus Levyk this year. Daughter Isabella have a chest ; and daughter Joan a brass pot. Residue to wife. Ex’ors : Thomas Chapeleyn my brother, and Henry Mosred. Feoffees : Edward Collard and John Lynde. Wife Margaret have two acres of arable land. at Wearedowne, during her life, then to daughters Isabella and Joan. Four acres of laud at Brokks to wife Margaret until my daughters are of lawful age. Probate 13 Feb. 1471-2. (W., fol, 61.)
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Do - DOVER BOROUGH RECORDS
T - DOVER BOROUGH: TITLE AND CONTRACTUAL
Z - ACQUIRED DEEDS
D - Other parishes
FindingNo Do/TZ39
Title Messuage, fruit garden and 2 a land at Evering, in Swingfield parish; 75 a called Massingham (4 a), Shoshet (15 a wood) and 2 a adjoining, in Alkham parish
Level file
Description Richard Collard to Henry Jekyn and John Jolle
Date 1552
Location Kent History and Library Centre
Extent 1 doc
Previous_Numbers Formerly BJ 153
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Q - KENT QUARTER SESSIONS
M - WEST KENT QUARTER SESSIONS RECORDS
S - Court in Session
I - Indictments
1599
13 - File for Epiphany 1598/9
FindingNo QM/SI/1599/13/5
Title Indictment
Level item
Description Presentment that from time immemorial there has been a right of way from the house of Rich. Collard in East Kingsnorth over a wooden bridge built by Collard across a ditch into Small Medowefeild in occ. of George Swanne to the parish church, but Swanne removed and destroyed the bridge.
Date 5 Jun 1598
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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Q - KENT QUARTER SESSIONS
S - COURT IN SESSION
R - SESSIONS ROLLS
4 - Sessions Roll
FindingNo Q/SR/4/m.10
Title Session at Canterbury, 10 Jan 1604
17 John Collard of Smeethe, gentleman, to keep the peace towards John Lidye and Joan, his wife, in £20. Sureties, Thomas Manfeild, plumber, and Anthony Mildemay, yeoman, both of Canterbury, in £10 each. By the same.
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Q - KENT QUARTER SESSIONS
M - WEST KENT QUARTER SESSIONS RECORDS
R - Enrolment, Registration and Deposit
Lv - Victuallers Recognizances
FindingNo QM/RLv/192
Title Recognizance
Level file
Description Christopher Allerd of Mersham; sureties, John Collard of Smeeth and John Wills of Mersham
Date 21 Dec 1605
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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U1105 - Deeds of Whitstable and Chislet
FindingNo U1105
Title Deeds of Whitstable and Chislet
Level fonds
Description These documents relate to properties in Whitstable, Seasalter and Chislet. The Collard family was prominent in Chislet and owned a great deal of property there as well as holding some in lease. The Lasey and Fittall families had property in Whitstable. Henry Wraith of Chislet married Elizabeth Collard, widow and third wife of Henry Collard of Chislet, from whom he had previously leased property. A great deal of the Collard property passed by this marriage to the Wraith family and subsequently to the Fittall family, one of those members may have married a daughter of Henry Wraith. The deeds and family papers have been arranged in chronological order to show these connections worked out.
Date 1667-1811
Location Kent History and Library Centre
Document U1105.pdf
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U2837 - Deeds and documents of Denne Family
3 - Family Papers
FindingNo U2837/F1
Title Certificate of Quaker marriage at Swingfield
Level file
Description Thomas Collard of Coldred and Elizabeth Clark of Goodnestone, 28 signatures.
Date 1676
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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R-U7 - TOMSON AND WOTTON, BREWERS OF RAMSGATE
1 - Title Deeds
FindingNo R/U7/T11
Title Mortgage
Level file
Description Parties: (1) James Stevenson of Ramsgate, brewer, to (2) Stephen Collard of Minster in Thanet and (3) Thomas Cobb of Margate, gent. 5, 6 and 7 Paradise with a brewhouse to the rear and a messuage in Addington Street, Ramsgate. Consideration: £900.
Date 4 Aug 1829
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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F1975-30 - LAND AND PREMISES IN FOLKESTONE, HYTHE, LYMINGE, LYMPNE, ROMNEY MARSH, SALTWOOD AND SANDGATE
T - Title Deeds
FindingNo F1975/30/T105
Title Assignment of the lease of a messuage, now two dwellings, in George Lane, Folkestone, with outbuildings, one of which was a counting house
Level file
Description Parties: [1] James Tomlin of Middlesex, William Collard, cornfactor of Canterbury, George White, upholsterer of Canterbury, and William Beer, brewer and maltster of Canterbury; [2] Edward Solly, butcher of Canterbury
Date 11 Oct 1837
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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EK-U51 - 82 GROSVENOR PLACE (FORMERLY 35-36), MARGATE
FindingNo EK/U51/T9
Title Conveyance of 3 Park Place, a small messuage to the rear occupied by Mary Fox Wilson, and a parcel of land in front of Park Place, Margate
Level file
Description Parties: [1] Stephen Collard of Minster in Thanet; [2] Jacob Urry, gent of Margate. Consideration: £175.
Date 21 Nov 1846
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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R-U7 - TOMSON AND WOTTON, BREWERS OF RAMSGATE
1 - Title Deeds
FindingNo R/U7/T16
Title Conveyance
Level file
Description Parties: (1) Stephen Bayly of Eastry, grocer, and William Woodland of Ramsgate, surveyor, to (2) Robert Strong Cramp of Ramsgate, brewer, and (3) Thomas Areton Grundy of Ramsgate, builder and trustee. (a) Stables and other buildings, land and a passage way, (b) three messuages (5, 6 and 7 Paradise) with a brewhouse or brewery known as the `Cannon Brewery' with gardens, stores, yard, etc (with marginal plan) and (c) 33 Addington Place, all in Ramsgate. Consideration: £740 and £900 mortgage debt. Endorsed with grant and reconveyance by Stephen Collard to Robert Cramp of (b) and (c), 19 Sep 1853.
Date 16 Feb 1848
Location Kent History and Library Centre
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At Sandwich:
EDWARD COLARD Christening: 06 JAN 1559 St Peter'S, Sandwich, Kent, England, father William HENRY COLLARD Christening: 13 DEC 1562 St Peter'S, Sandwich, Kent, England, father William Margaret Collard, 30 JUL 1564 St Peter'S, Sandwich, Kent, England, father William
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C Records created, acquired, and inherited by Chancery, and also of the Wardrobe, Royal Household, Exchequer and various commissions
Division within C Records of Equity Side: the Six Clerks
C 1 Court of Chancery: Six Clerks Office: Early Proceedings, Richard II to Philip and Mary
C 1/1402 Detailed description at item level
Record Summary
Scope and content John BOWER v. Thomas COLLARD, yeoman, and Alice his wife.: Detention of deeds relating to a messuage and land in Swingfield, Folkestone, and Elham, late of Robert Bower, yeoman, deceased, father of the said John and Alice.: KENT.
Covering dates 1556-1558
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CCA-CC-A - ADMINISTRATION
Z - TOWN CLERK
C - TOWN CLERKS' CORRESPONDENCE
5 - Correspondence of Richard Railton
Title Letter. Christopher Collard to Mr Raylton
Ref No CCA-CC-A/Z/C/5/13
Alt Ref No CCA-CC-A/Z/C/5/13
Description Promise to pay fees
Date 16th c
CCA-CC-J - JUDICIAL RECORDS
B - COURT OF PLEAS
1 - Rolls and books of pleas in civil cases
405 - Court book
Title Court Roll - Part 1
Ref No CCA-CC-J/B/1/405/i
Alt Ref No CCA-CC-J/B/1/405/i
Description Court of Pleas
3-4 James I. Mark Berey, Mayor. John Harris, Serjeant
fol. 10v. Note attached by pin, addressed to Mr Raylton, signed by Ralph Grove (future Town Clerk and former schoolfellow of Christopher Marlowe).
fol. 12v. Thomas Brome v. Robert Cushman de plac. transgress ionis. Under date Thursday, 27 Mar.
Defdt. summoned and appeared in person.
Secured pledges. On 17 April pleads non cul.
Puts himself on country. Case to jury.
Defendant appears to be the Pilgrim Father.
See CC/J/Q/405/vi (Sessions)
fol. 15v. Robert Wynn v. Thomas Gradwell.
fol. 16r. Sir W. and Lady Elizabeth Lovelace (grandparents of the cavalier poet) v. Dorothy Owen and Jane Owen. See CC/J/Q/405, viii/10 (Sessions)
fol. 16v. Thomas Fyneux as defdt.
ff. 24 - 29. Blank scrutatores carnis.
fol. 30v. Standing watch, Oct. 1605 - Ascension Day, 1606, Scrutatores correi. Christopher Collard sworn as attorney, 24 Jan., 3 James I.
Date 1605 - 1606
First Previous23 of 311Last Next
CCA-DCb
J - Judicial (Church Courts)
J
13 - Ecclesiastical cause papers
Title Ecclesiastical cause papers
Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/13/106
Alt Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/13/106
AccessConditions **Collection due to relocate: Please contact us about access**
Description Pl: Magd CHILTON; Def.: John COLLARD; Documents: Inhib from Arches; Case: D
Date 16 Feb 1607
Related Material See also: DCb/J/J/1/4, 85, DCb/J/J/14/81
First Previous24 of 311Last Next
CCA-DCb
J - Judicial (Church Courts)
J
17 - Ecclesiastical cause papers
Title Ecclesiastical cause papers
Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/17/99
Alt Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/17/99
AccessConditions **Collection due to relocate: Please contact us about access**
Description Pl: Schedule excom (instance); Def.: John COLLARD St Mart cant
Date 12 Jan 1612
CCA-DCb
J - Judicial (Church Courts)
J
17 - Ecclesiastical cause papers
Title Ecclesiastical cause papers
Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/17/116
Alt Ref No CCA-DCb/J/J/17/116
AccessConditions **Collection due to relocate: Please contact us about access**
Description Pl: Matt MARRYNER rect St Mart Cant; Def.: John COLLARD; Documents: Exs
Date 1 Dec 1612
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Will of William DAVY of Alkham, Kent 22 October 1513
William DAVY the younger of Alkeham, 22 October 1513.
Buried in churchyard.
Light of the Cross, St Anthony, the Trinity, Our Lady, each 4d.
Anise my sister 20s. Alice my sister the wife of John FISHER six lambs, and 40s. after death of Joan my mother. William, son of John FISHER six lambs.
A priest to sing mass for my soul in the church half a year £3.6s.8d.
Feoffees of lands, tenements – John JULL, John RAYNOLD, John COLLARD.
Lands, etc. to Joan my mother for life, then to Thomas my brother.
Residue to Joan DAVY my mother and John my son, my Executors.
Witnesses – Thomas BLAKE, Robert BLAKE.
Probate 18 December 1513. Archdeaconry Vol.12, fol. 264.
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20 July 1466 [6 Edw. IV]
SciANT presentes et futuri quod ego, Ricardus Collard, dedi
concessi et hac present! carta mea indentata confirmavi Henrico Jekyn, et Johanni Jolle, unum mesuagium unum
pomarium et novem acras et dimidiam acram terre et bosci, unde dictum mesuagium pomarium et due acra terre sive minus sive minus (!) cum pertinenciis jacent et existunt in parochia de Swynfeld, in Comitatu Kancie, apud quoddam
locum vulgariter nuncupatum Everyng, ad re^iam stratam ibidem versus south, et predicte septem acre et dimidia acra
terre et bosci conjunctim jacent in tribus peciis sive parcellis
in parochia de Alkham, in comitatu predicto, quarum una
pecia continens qu[atuor] acras terre, vocata Massy ngham,
altera pecia bosci, continens unam acram et dimidiam acram
bosci, vocata Ghoshet, et tercia pecia continens duas acras
terre et adjacet ad predictam acram et dimidiam acram
bosci, et nuper perquisita fFuit de Johanne Colley : habend' et tenend' tarn predicta mesuagium, pomarium, et duos acres
terre cum pertinenciis in parochia de Swynfeld predicta,
quam predictas septem acras et dimidiam acram terre et bosci in parochia de Alkham predicta, prefatis Henrico
Jekyn, et Johanne Jolle, et heredibus suis imperpetuum, ad usum mei predicti Ricardi Collurd, pro termino vite mee
predicti Ricardi absque impeticione vasti, et post decessum
mei predicti Ricardi ad usum cujusdam Danielis Collard,
filii mei, et heredum suorum imperpetuum de capitalibus
dominis feodi illius per servicia inde prius debita et de jure
consiieta : Et ego, predictus Ricardus Collard, et heredes mei,
predictum mesuagium, pomarium, et cetera premissa cum
pertinenciis prefatis Henrico Jekyn, et Johanni Jolle, et heredibus suis, ad usum predictum contra omnes gentes warantizabimus imperpetuum per presentes.
In cujus rei testimonium utrique parti hujus presentis
carte mee indentate sigillum meum apposui.
rough translation
Know all present and future that I, Richard Collard, I
and by this present charter have confirmed, Henry Jekyn, and John Jolle, a single mesuage
orchard and a nine and a half acres of land and wood, which has been mesuage garden and two acres or less or less (!) with its lie and are present in the parish of Swinefield in Kent, with a
a place in the vernacular is called the Everyng, back to reality, now 's street in the same place to the south, and to the aforesaid seven acres and a half acre of
parcels of land and of the wood, or in conjunction lie in the three pieces of
in the parish of Alkham, in the aforesaid county, of which one
plot, containing [atuor] acres of land, called Alkham,
the other a piece of wood, containing a single acre of an acre and a half,
of wood, called Ghoshet, and a third plot containing two acres
of land adjacent to the acre and a half
wood and vas recently acquired from John Colley: and to hold both the messuage, an orchard, and two acres
land in the parish of Swinefield aforesaid;
How the seven acres of land and wood in the parish of Alkham to said Henry
Jekyn and John Jolle, and in perpetuity, to use my Richard Collard, for the term of my
Richard without impeachment of waste, and after the death
My use of a certain Richard Daniel Collard,
the children of my people, and his heirs for ever, from the capital
of that of the lords of the fee by the services thence due and by right of first
accustomed: And I, the aforesaid Richard Collard, and my heirs,
messuage, an orchard, and the rest of the premises with
Henry Jekyn appurtenances, and John Jolle, and his use of the aforesaid against all men by these presents.
In testimony to both sides of this present
charter indented writing.
[source: Dover Charters, p. 364] | COLLARD, John (I8026)
|
| 2092 |
Lists of knight's fees in Kent : 1242--3 : Aid for the king's
crossing the sea to Gascony : Text -- version B
The names of those who hold knight's fees in the county of Kent,
and of those from whom they hold them.
printed in Book of fees, pp 670--83.>
(4009) Walter de Dene holds half a fee in Rappton' | A’DENNE, Walter (I13138)
|
| 2093 |
Littler John Brenchley husband of Mary Admin Jun 1773 Conistory
Littler Mary Brenchley widow Will Feb 1788 Consistory
Nicholas Litelhar [43625]
Surname: Litelhar
Forename: Nicholas
Gender: Male
Place of Residence: Boughton Monchelsea, Eyhorne hundred, Kent
Place of Origin: [France]
Origin: Nationality: French
Taxation Status: householder
Original Document: E 179/124/138, rot. 2d (tax assessment, aft. 1 October 1441)
Notes: Paid
Biographical Notes: No Notes
Relationships:
same as Nicholas Lytelhard in tax assessment, 24 May 1440
England’s Immigrants 1330 – 1550 (www.englandsimmigrants.com, version 1.0, 7 November 2016), https://www.englandsimmigrants.com/person/43625
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First name(s) Robert
Last name Littler
Baptism year 1798
Baptism date 16 Sep 1798
Relationship Son of
Father's first name(s) -
Father's last name -
Mother's first name(s) Elizabeth
Mother's last name 16
Notes Illegitimate
Place Yalding
County Kent
Country England
Record source Yalding baptisms 1559-1900
======================================================================================
Some Wills:
LITTLER John Brenchley husb of Mary A June 1773 Consis
LITTLER Mary Brenchley widow W Feb 1788 Consis
LITTLER Thomas Brenchley yeoman W Jany 1789 Arch | LITTLER, Thomas (I11322)
|
| 2094 |
Liudolf (born about 805, died 12 March 864 or 866) was a Saxon count, son of one count (Graf) Brun (Brunhart)[1] and his wife Gisla von Verla[2] ; later authors called him duke of the Eastern Saxons (dux orientalis Saxonum, probably since 850) and count of Eastphalia. Liudolf had extended possessions in eastern Saxony, and was a leader (dux) in the wars of King Louis the German against Normans and Slavs. The ruling Liudolfing House, also known as the Ottonian dynasty, is named after him; he is its oldest verified member.
Before 830 Liudolf married Oda, daughter of a Frankish princeps named Billung and his wife Aeda. Oda died on 17 May 913, supposedly at the age of 107.[3]
They had six children:[4]
Brun
Otto the Illustrious, father of Henry the Fowler
Liutgard married King Louis the Younger in 874.[5]
Hathumoda, became an abbess
Gerberga, became an abbess
Christina, became an abbess[6]
By marrying a Frankish nobleman's daughter, Liudolf followed suggestions set forth by Charlemagne about ensuring the integrity of the Frankish Empire in the aftermath of the Saxon Wars through marriage.
In 845/846, Liudolf and his wife traveled to Rome in order to ask Pope Sergius II for permission to found a house of secular canonesses, duly established at their proprietary church in Brunshausen around 852, and moved in 881 to form Gandersheim Abbey. Liudolf's minor daughter Hathumod became the first abbess.
Liudolf is buried in Brunshausen.
Notes:
1. The Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol 24, Ed. Hugh Chisholm, (1911), 268.
2. de:Liudolf (Sachsen)
3. Saint Odilo (Abbot of Cluny), Queenship and sanctity: The lives of Mathilda and The epitaph of Adelheid, translated by Sean Gilsdorf, (Catholic University of America Press, 2004), 24.
4. Althoff, Gerd, Christopher Carroll, Family, friends and followers: political and social bonds in medieval Europe, (Cambridge University Press, 2004), 38.
5. The rise of the medieval world, 500-1300: a biographical dictionary, Ed. Jana K. Schulman , (Greenwood Press, 2002), 271.
6. The rise of the medieval world, 500-1300: a biographical dictionary, 271. | Duke of Saxony Liudolf (I11745)
|
| 2095 |
Liv 1939 | GREENWOOD, Samuel (I17696)
|
| 2096 |
Liv 1939, 14 Vaughan Street, Nelson, Lancashire
7 Oct 1922 sailed out of Liverpool aboard the Celtic for Sandford, Maine, USA
Joseph Greenwood, son, 22, single, weaver, able to read and write, Last permanent residence: Nelson, England, nearest relative: Aunt Mrs. Haworth, Hereford Street, Nelson, England
Alice Matilda Greenwood, wife, 59? married, housewife, able to read and write, Last permanent residence: Nelson, England, sister-in-law Mrs. Haworth, as above
Samuel Greenwood, husband, 64, married overlooker, able to read and write, Last permanent residence: Nelson, England, sister Mrs. Haworth, as above | WILDMAN, Alice M. (I17258)
|
| 2097 |
live at 7 abbey place in 1911 | BOSELY, Newman George (I7587)
|
| 2098 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I11054)
|
| 2099 |
Lived at 122 Ash Street, Nashua, New Hampshire at time of Howard's enlistment in WWII, on April 25, 1942. | DUNCAN, Ethel (I2201)
|
| 2100 |
Lived at 52 or 53 Ellerby Street, Fulham Road, London, England. | RAYNER, Ada Elizabeth (I6382)
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