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2751 Reference: QS/63/7/07/020
Description:
Tristram Bickle, Pestle and Mortar
Date: 1827
27 - Devon Archives and Local Studies Service (South West Heritage Trust)
QS - COUNTY OF DEVON - QUARTER SESSIONS
QS/63 - VICTUALLERS RECOGNIZANCES
Holsworthy 		BICKLE, Tristram (I14474)
 
2752 Registered Dec Qtr., 1898, 1a, 432, Kensington District Family (F775)
 
2753 At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. Living (I13845)
 
2754 Registered Sept Qtr. 1837, vol. 5, p. 279 Family (F3263)
 
2755 Registration #1873/5848 Margaret Kezia Broad Edward Baldock
https://bdmhistoricalrecords.dia.govt.nz/Search/Search?Path=querySubmit.m%3fReportName%3dMarriageSearch%26recordsPP%3d30#SearchResults 		Family (F4882)
 
2756 Reign 26 June 1483 – 22 August 1485
Coronation 6 July 1483
Predecessor Edward V
Successor Henry VII 		Richard III King of England (I17563)
 
2757 At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. Living (I11052)
 
2758 relict of Samuel, jurat

SURNAME GIVEN NAME RESIDENCE YEAR WILL TYPE VOLUME FOLIO FHL FILM #
PRESTON Barbara, widow Faversham 1642 CC 31 OC -------------- 239 188865

Inv Preston Barbara Faversham 1642 1642 PRC/27/10/68 Film Pos 10/88 Widow, Will 1642
Will Preston Barbara Faversham 1642 1642 PRC/31/120 P/3 OW & court 1642 		Barbara (I17456)
 
2759 Reprint of a news article appearing in a local paper in Devon:
"Also seeking information about ancestors is Mrs. Joyce Taylor of 127 Moor Road, Papplewick, Nottingham. Her grandfather William James Evans was born at Lewannick, Cornwall in 1861, son of Richard and Mary Evans.

The family or at leas their four children moved to the Blackdown/Brentor/Tavistock area.

William was a lino type set operator/compositor.

He married Jane Veal Dawe in 1884 and they lived at Whitchurch Down.

Mrs. Taylor recalls that when she was a child he worked nights for a Plymouth newspaper.

His eldest son, born in 1887, followed the same trade on a Bristol newspaper.

He married a Bristol girl in a ceremony at Plymouth. His second son was born in Plymouth in 1889.

She would like to hear from anyone who could give information about his apprenticeship in particular." 		EVANS, William James (I318)
 
2760 Resided 37 Dunn Street, Toronto at time of short visit to US - Border Crossing Card
Admitted by CNR 6 Apr 1947
Nearest relative or friend acting as surety in Toronto
Mr. Joseph Haney, same address
Going to visit sister, Mrs. Leo Kaufman, 3284 - 45th Astoria, Long Island, New York
Had $40.00 medium complexion, brown hair and eyes, no distinguishing marks

If this is correct Henry K. Latour from local searches then his headstone may have the wrong birth date on it.
Henry Kirkham Latour born Apr 12 1917
died Aug 23 2012
buried Waite Cemetery
Wade Corners, Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada 		LATOUR, Henry K. (I18100)
 
2761 Resided Abbey Street at time of baptism, father a mariner. Enlisted for WWI, see British Service records downloaded on laptop. GREGORY, Walter Frederick (I2451)
 
2762 Resided at 1866 Almond Street, Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County, California, U.S.A. POTTS, William Edward (I8973)
 
2763 Resided at 4 Bridge Street, Godalming, Surrey Mary Elizabeth (I19138)
 
2764 Resided at Winchcomb, Wye, Kent and died unmarried. CARTER, James (I7310)
 
2765 Resided Ospringe Road at time of baptism, father a mariner.

He enlisted for service with the Royal Artillery on 1 Jul 1875 at Ashford. He was 5 feet 4-1/2 inches high with a sallow complexion, brown hair and light blue eyes. He was a clerk.

He was promoted and transferred several times as the army underwent reorganizations. He was eventually discharged on 8 April 1898. He served in Northern Ireland and was re-engaged as S. Major from 1 Sep 1882 to 20 Jan 1887 at Londonderry. On 21 Jan 1887 he was promoted again to B. S. Major serving until 10 June 1887.

William Gregory was at home 11 June 1875 to 10 Dec 1879 being 4 years, 183 days;
at India 11 Dec 1879 to 10 May 1881 being 1 year 151 days;
at home 11 May 1881 to 31 Mar 1889 being 7 years 325 days;
at Gibraltar 1 April 1889 to 9 Oct 1890, being 1 year 202 days
and back at home 20 Oct 1890 to 8 April 1898 being 7 years 171 days.

William received an injury while at work - a fracture of the right ribula with a dislocation of his ankle. The broken leg underwent reduction and splinting. The injury despite being severe was deemed to likely not impinge on his efficiency as a soldier.

He received a silver medal for long service and good conduct (without gratuity).

William Gregory married Ellen Milsted at Portsmouth on 4 Dec 1879. She died 2 Oct 1889. He secondly married Annie Amos at Portsmouth on 5 Aug 1890.

At discharge he was awarded a pension of 36d per diem for life. His intended residence was 57 Limekiln Street, Dover. He had been a 3rd Class Master Gunner. 		GREGORY, William George (I2445)
 
2766 Residence 1930 • Paterson, Robertson, New South Wales, Australia
Residence 1936 • Queen Street, Paterson, New South Wales, Australia
Residence 1937 • Queen Street, Paterson, New South Wales, Australia 		TUCKER, Robert James (I13312)
 
2767 residing 15 Becket Street. DOUGLAS, William (I7582)
 
2768 Residing at 3 Windmilll Street at time of marriage in 1868. STEPHENS, Edmund Thomas (I17691)
 
2769 Residing at Portsmouth 1861 METTERS, Susanna (I14252)
 
2770 Residing on Wallers Row, aged 30 years on burial. BOULDEN, Harriett (I16699)
 
2771 Result number 1350 - Please quote Reference: Unofficial_Series_Collections/U1289_T12_1 on request slip.
Path: Unofficial_or_Privately_Originated_Collections/ Unofficial_Series_Collections/ U1289_Title_deeds_to_properties_in_Rochester_Rainham_and_Chatham_1664_1813/ U1289_T12_1.html

Title deeds to properties in Rochester, Rainham and Chatham 1664-1813
Mortgage for 500 years
(i) Walter Tilby of Rainham, house carpenter and his wife Elizabeth
(ii) Susanna Thurston of Bredgar, widow
messuage divided into two tenements in Rainham, formerly occupied by Thomas Hasleden, then Libens Tilby deceased, then Walter Tilby and Thomas Possingham.
Consideration: £80
Rent: 1 peppercorn
Witnesses: James Chapman and Thomas Witherden.
Two applied seals bearing embossed classical or pseudo-classical gems.
See also bond U1289/T12/2
Date: 21 December 1747
Quantity: 1 membrane 		TILBY, Walter (I7636)
 
2772 Retained use of Ottreply for remainder of her life. Joan (I13182)
 
2773 Retained use of Ottreply for remainder of her life. 20 Edw. II. 1326-7. Joan (I12580)
 
2774 Rev., a fellow of Jesus College in Cambridge. Died unmarried. WHITFELD, William ^ (I5098)
 
2775 REYNOLDS Elizabeth C 29 Jan 1665 do Robert Godmersham PR, BT

RAYNOLD Mary C 13 Oct 1662 do Robert/Katharine [she possibly nee Dunkin?] Elmsted AD

1642 29-Jun Raynolds William son of Robert and Elizabeth Raynolds stelling minnis



REYNOLDS Henry DBL 08 Mar 1665 of Chilham at Godmersham BT

WILL-REYNOLDS Henry Godmersham 1661-1665 AD 17 RW 72 181 188973


REYNOLDS Alice DBL 03 Jun 1682 Godmersham BT

REYNALDS John DBL 06 Oct 1712 Godmersham BT

REYNOLDS Jane DBL 06 Jan 1724 Godmersham BT

REYNOLDS John DBL 22 Jul 1792 Godmersham BT


REYNOLDS Handel ELVY Mary M 11 Oct 1800 he bachelor of Boughton Aluph, she spinster of this parish - banns. Wit: James Brnechley by his mark, Mary Brenchley [bride signed her name as Elvery] Godmersham BT, PR

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas Reynoldes of St. Mildred's, Canterbury, brickmaker, bachelor, about 25, whose mother consents, and Prudence Balden, of the same place, virgin, about 20, whose parents are dead. At same. Sept. 11, 1639

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
have checked Godmersham, and surrounding parishes that are not listed below - no John Reynold baptism and no other entries for Robert Reynolds. I am thinking that Robert was his father as there is a Robert among his children along with an Elizabeth, neither of which names appear in the Dally family.

Need to check these parishes
chilham
molash
challock
brook
chartham xxxx
petham
selling
sheldwish
badlesmere
throwley xxxx
westwell
eastwell

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

First name(s) John
Last name Renalds
Gender Male
Birth year -
Birth place -
Baptism year 1677
Baptism date 21 Nov 1677
Residence Ospringe, Kent, England
Place Ospringe
County Kent
Country England
Father's first name(s) Peter
Father's last name Renalds
Mother's first name(s) Ann 		REYNOLDS, John (I5226)
 
2776 Richard Austen, b. Adisham, on 23 Nov 1585; m. Womenswold on
20 Jun 1614 Mary Nethersole, sister of Elizabeth above. Richard died
Ickham, Kent, on 22 Dec 1647, aged 62, having had:
E1. Margaret Austen, b. 1615.
E2. Bennet Austen, b. 1617.
E3. Elizabeth Austen, b. 1619. 		AUSTEN, Richard (I11838)
 
2777 Richard Austen, yeoman of Adisham; bapt 14 Jun 1551; m. Adisham 30
May 1575 Elizabeth Solly of Ash (b. Ash, c. 1554; bur. Adisham 10 Jan
1629), sister to Margaret Solly above; and was bur. Adisham, 20 May
1619, having had:
D1. Michael Austen, bapt St John the Evangelist, Ickham, 24 May 1580;
m. Adisham 1 Mar 1605 Ann Rigden (bapt Littlebourne 19 Feb
1584; bur. Eastry, 11 Jun 1654), and was bur. Eastry 25 Mar 1651.
D2. Mary Austen, m. John, son of David Denne of Littlebourne. 		AUSTEN, Richard (I11844)
 
2778 Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick)
The Earl of Warwick
Sir Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, KG.png
Arms of Sir Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, KG, as depicted on his stall plate at St. George's Chapel.
Born 25 or 28 January 1382
Salwarpe, Worcestershire, England
Died 30 April 1439 (aged 57)
Rouen, Normandy, France
Spouse(s) Elizabeth de Berkeley
Lady Isabel le Despenser
Issue Lady Margaret Beauchamp
Lady Eleanor Beauchamp
Lady Elizabeth Beauchamp
Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick
Lady Anne Beauchamp
Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Count of Aumale, KG (25 or 28 January 1382[1] – 30 April 1439) was an English medieval nobleman and military commander.

Contents [hide]
1 Early life
2 Welsh Rebellion
3 Chivalry and Pilgrimage
4 Soldier of the King
5 Responsibilities
6 Marriages and children
7 Death and Burial
8 Ancestors
9 Notes
10 References
Early life[edit]
Beauchamp was born at Salwarpe in Worcestershire,[2] the son of Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, and Margaret, a daughter of William Ferrers, 3rd Baron Ferrers of Groby.[1] His godfather was King Richard II.[2]

He was knighted at the coronation of King Henry IV and succeeded to the Earldom of Warwick in 1401.[3]

Welsh Rebellion[edit]
Soon after reaching his majority and taking responsibility for the Earldom, he saw military action in Wales, defending against a Welsh rebellion led by Owain Glyndŵr. On 22 July 1403, the day after the Battle of Shrewsbury, he was made a Knight of the Garter.

In the summer of 1404, he rode into what is today Monmouthshire at the head of a force. Warwick engaged Welsh forces at the Battle of Mynydd Cwmdu, near Tretower Castle a few miles northwest of Crickhowell – nearly capturing Owain Glyndwr himself, taking Owain's banner, forcing the Welsh to flee. They were chased down the valley of the River Usk where they regrouped and turned the tables on the pursuing English force, attempting an ambush. They chased the English in turn to the town walls of Monmouth after a skirmish at Craig-y-Dorth, a conical hill near Mitchel Troy.[4]

Chivalry and Pilgrimage[edit]

Seal of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick
Warwick acquired quite a reputation for chivalry, and when in 1408 he went on pilgrimage to the Holy Land, he was challenged many times to fight in the sporting combat which was then popular. On the return trip he went through Russia and Eastern Europe, not returning to England until 1410.

Soldier of the King[edit]
In 1410, he was appointed a member of the royal council and in 1413 was Lord High Steward at the Prince's coronation as Henry V of England. The next year he helped put down the Lollard uprising, and then went to Normandy as Captain of Calais and represented England at the Council of Constance.[5] He spent much of the next decade fighting the French in the Hundred Years' War. In 1419, he was created Count of Aumale, part of the King's policy of giving out Norman titles to his nobles. He was appointed Master of the Horse.

Responsibilities[edit]
Henry V's will gave Warwick the responsibility for the education of the infant Henry VI of England. This duty required him to travel back and forth between England and Normandy many times. In 1437, the Royal Council deemed his duty complete, and he was appointed lieutenant of France and Normandy. He remained in France for the remaining two years of his life.

Marriages and children[edit]
Warwick first married Elizabeth de Berkeley (born ca.1386 – 28 December 1422) before 5 October 1397,[6] the daughter of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Lord Berkeley and Margaret de Lisle, 3rd Baroness de Lisle. Together they had 3 daughters:

Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury (1404–1468), who married John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, and whose great-great-grandson John Dudley was created Earl of Warwick and subsequently Duke of Northumberland;
Eleanor, Duchess of Somerset, (1407–1467) who first married Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros and then married Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset;
Elizabeth, Baroness Latimer of Snape, (1417–1480) who first married George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer, and then married Thomas VI Wake of Blisworth (1435–1476).
Warwick then married Lady Isabel le Despenser (26 July 1400 – 1439), the daughter of Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Constance of York. With Isabel, who was also the widow of his cousin Richard de Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester, his children were:

Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick, (born March 1425) who succeeded his father as Earl of Warwick, and later became Duke of Warwick;
Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick, (b September 1426) who was theoretically Countess of Warwick in her own right (after the death of her niece), and who married Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick.
Death and Burial[edit]

Effigy of Richard de Beauchamp in the Beauchamp Chapel of St Mary's Church, Warwick. The finest piece of English 15th-century bronze sculpture, modelled and cast by William Austen of London, gilded and engraved by Bartholomew Lambespring, a Dutch goldsmith.[7]
Richard de Beauchamp's will was made at Caversham Castle in Oxfordshire (now Berkshire), one of his favoured residences, in 1437. Most of his property was entailed, but with a portion of the rest the will established a substantial trust. After his debts were paid the trust endowed the Collegiate Church of St Mary in Warwick, and called for the construction of a new chapel there. It also enlarged the endowment of the chantries at Elmley Castle and Guy's Cliffe, and gave a gift to Tewkesbury Abbey.[8] Beauchamp died in Rouen, Normandy, two years later, on 30 April 1439.[9] After the completion of the chapel, his body was transferred there (in 1475),[8] where his magnificent gilt-bronze monumental effigy may still be seen.

Ancestors[edit]

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
[show]Ancestors of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Christine Carpenter, 'Beauchamp, Richard, thirteenth earl of Warwick (1382–1439)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
^ Jump up to: a b Richard Gough, Description of the Beauchamp chapel, adjoining to the church of St. Mary, at Warwick. And the monuments of the earls of Warwick, in the said church and elsewhere (Warwick Town, St Mary, 1803), p. 17
Jump up ^ John Ashdown-Hill, "Eleanor the Secret Queen", (The History Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-7524-5669-0), p. 23
Jump up ^ Ian Mortimer, "Henry IV: The Self-made King"
Jump up ^ John Ashdown-Hill, "Eleanor The Secret Queen", Page 24 The History Press, 2009 ISBN 978-0-7524-5669-0
Jump up ^ Lundy, Darryl. "thePeerage.com – Person Page 10166". thePeerage.com. Retrieved 13 November 2011.[unreliable source]
Jump up ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th.ed., vol 21, p.559-60, Sculpture
^ Jump up to: a b Hicks, Michael (November 1981). "The Beauchamp Trust, 1439–87". Historical Research Volume 54 Issue 130. Wiley Online Library. pp. 135–149. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Tompsett, Brian. "de Beauchamp, Richard of Warwick, Earl of Warwick 13th". Royal Genealogical Data. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
References[edit]
Gairdner, James (1885). "Beauchamp, Richard de (1382-1439)". In Stephen, Leslie. Dictionary of National Biography. 4. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Hicks, Michael (1981). "The Beauchamp Trust, 1439–87". Historical Research. 54 (130): 135–149. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1981.tb01223.x. reprinted in Richard III and His Rivals.
Lundy, Darryl. "Peerage.com on Elizabeth de Berkeley". The Peerage.[unreliable source]
Lundy, Darryl. "Peerage.com on Richard de Beauchamp". The Peerage.[unreliable source] 		BEAUCHAMP, Richard de 13th Earl of Warwickshire (I15459)
 
2779 RICHARD COOKE.
10 January 1535-6. Buried in the churchyard beside my aunt Sowthowsand. High altar 2s. ; and to all the Lights that hath a stock of corn 2d. each. Residue of goods to wife Elisabeth my ex’or. Wife have a messuage that my mother in law dwelleth in with 8 acres of land, the land called Teldens, and the land called Lokefeld, during her life. Also 15 acres of land and woodland in Bethersden, paying to John Cooke my brother of Smarden £12. Wife Elisabeth to sell my part of the land called Whetefeld to Nicholas Cooke of Wye. After the death of my wife, that son William have all my lands in Smarden , if my brother John will not receive the £12. The land called Teldens, after the death of my wife, to John Ricard, and to John Michell the land called Lokefield. That William Michell my son pay £5 to each of my daughters, Agnes and Joan. Witnesses : William Synkley, William Kenton, Nicholas Fleusse, Andrew Snoddowne.
Probate 24 May 1536. (W., fol. 201.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cookes Elizabeth dbl 17 Feb 1564/5 wife of John 		COOKE, Christian (I14783)
 
2780 Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Richard de Clare
3rd Earl of Hertford
CoA Gilbert de Clare.svg
Arms of the de Clare Family
Hereditary
Earl of Hereford
Lord of Clare 1173-1217

1173-1217
Predecessor Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford
Successor Gilbert de Clare
DetailTitles and styles
6th Lord of Tonbridge
5th Lord of Cardigan
Born 1153
Tonbridge Castle, Kent, England
Died 1217
Buried Tonbridge Priory
Family de Clare
Spouse Amice FitzWilliam, suo jure 4th Countess of Gloucester
Issue
Gilbert de Clare
Maud de Clare
Richard de Clare
Father Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford
Mother Maud de St. Hillary
Occupation Peerage of England
Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, lord of Clare, Tonbridge, and Cardigan (c. 1153–1217), was a powerful Norman nobleman with vast lands in England and Wales.


Contents
1 Career
2 Marriage
3 Magna Carta
4 Family
5 References
Career
Richard was the son of Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford and Maud, daughter of James de St. Hillary.[1] More commonly known as the Earl of Clare, he had the majority of the Giffard estates from his ancestor, Rohese.[2] He was present at the coronations of King Richard I at Westminster, 3 September 1189, and King John on 27 May 1199. He was also present at the homage of King William of Scotland as English Earl of Huntingdon at Lincoln.[citation needed]

Marriage
He married (c. 1172) Amice Fitzwilliam, 4th Countess of Gloucester (c. 1160–1220), second daughter, and co-heiress, of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, and Hawise de Beaumont. Sometime before 1198, Earl Richard and his wife Amice were ordered to separate by the Pope on grounds of consanguinity. They separated for a time because of this order but apparently reconciled their marriage with the Pope later on.[citation needed]

Magna Carta
He sided with the Barons against King John, even though he had previously sworn peace with the King at Northampton, and his castle of Tonbridge was taken. He played a leading part in the negotiations for Magna Carta, being one of the twenty five sureties. On 9 November 1215, he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to negotiate the peace with the King. In 1215, his lands in counties Cambridge, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex were granted to Robert de Betun. He and his son were among the Barons excommunicated by the Pope in 1215. His own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.[citation needed]

Family
Richard and Amice had children:

Gilbert de Clare (ca. 1180 – 25 October 1230), 4th Earl of Hertford and 5th Earl of Gloucester, (or 1st Earl of Gloucester of new creation). Married in 1217 Isabel Marshal.
Maud de Clare (ca. 1184–1213), married in 1206,[citation needed] Sir William de Braose, son of William de Braose and Maud de St. Valery.
Richard de Clare (ca. 1184 – 4 Mar 1228, London)[citation needed]
Mathilde, married Rhys Gryg son of Rhys ap Gruffydd, ruler of the kingdom of Deheubarth.
References
George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant, eds. H. A. Doubleday; Howard de Walden, Vol. V (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1926), p. 736
I. J. Sanders, English Baronies: A Study of Their Origin and Descent 1086–1327) (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1963), pp. 34, 62
Preceded by
Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford Earl of Hertford
1173–1217 Succeeded by
Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford 		DE CLARE, Richard 3rd Earl of Hertford, lord of Clare, Tonbridge, and Cardigan (I1849)
 
2781 Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Gloucester, 2nd Lord of Glamorgan, 8th Lord of Clare (4 August 1222 – 14 July 1262) was son of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and Isabel Marshal.[1][2] He was also a powerful Marcher Lord in Wales and inherited the Lordship of Glamorgan upon the death of his father. He played a prominent role in the constitutional crisis of 1258–1263.


Contents
1 Early life
2 Marriage
3 Military career
4 Death and legacy
5 Family
6 Ancestry
7 See also
8 References
Early life
On his father's death, when he became Earl of Gloucester (October 1230), Richard was entrusted first to the guardianship of Hubert de Burgh. On Hubert's fall, his guardianship was given to Peter des Roches (c. October 1232); and in 1235 to Gilbert, Earl Marshall.[3]

Marriage
Richard's first marriage to Margaret or Megotta, as she was also called, ended with either an annulment or her death in November 1237. They were both about 14 or 15. The marriage of Hubert de Burgh's daughter Margaret to Richard de Clare, the young Earl of Gloucester, brought de Burgh into some trouble in 1236, for the earl was as yet a minor and in the wardship of King Henry III, and the marriage had been celebrated without the royal licence. Hubert, however, protested that the match was not of his making, and promised to pay the king some money, so the matter passed by for the time.[4][5] Even before Margaret died, the Earl of Lincoln offered 5,000 marks to King Henry to secure Richard for his own daughter. This offer was accepted, and Richard's second marriage, on 2 February 1238, was to Maud de Lacy, daughter of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln[6]

Military career
Richard joined in the Barons' letter to the Pope in 1246 against the exactions of the Curia in England. He was among those in opposition to the King's half-brothers, who in 1247 visited England, where they were very unpopular, but afterwards he was reconciled to them.[7]

In August 1252/3 the King crossed over to Gascony with his army, and to his great indignation Richard refused to accompany him and went to Ireland instead. In August 1255 the king sent him and John Maunsel to Edinburgh to find out the truth about reports which had reached the King that his son-in-law, Alexander III, King of Scotland, was being coerced by Robert de Roos and John Balliol. They were to try to bring the young King and Queen to him. The Earl and his companion, pretending to be the two of Roos's knights, obtained entry to Edinburgh Castle, and gradually introduced their attendants, so that they had a force sufficient for their defence. They gained access to the Scottish Queen, who complained to them that she and her husband had been kept apart. They threatened Roos with dire punishments, so that he promised to go to the King.[1][4][8]

Meanwhile, the Scottish magnates, indignant that their castle of Edinburgh was in English hands, proposed to besiege it, but they desisted when they found they would be besieging their King and Queen. The King of Scotland apparently travelled south with Richard, for on 24 September they were with King Henry III at Newminster, Northumberland. In July 1258 he fell ill, supposedly poisoned together with his brother William by his steward, Walter de Scotenay. He recovered, but his brother died.[2]

Death and legacy
Richard died at John de Criol's Manor of Asbenfield in Waltham, near Canterbury, on 14 July 1262 at the age of 39; it was rumoured that he had been poisoned at the table of Piers of Savoy. On the following Monday he was carried to Canterbury where a requiem mass was sung; his body was then transported about 45 miles (72 km) to the canons' church at Tonbridge and interred in the choir. From there it was taken to Tewkesbury Abbey and buried 28 July 1262, with great solemnity in the presence of two bishops and eight abbots in the presbytery at his father's right hand.[9] Richard's own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.[10]

Richard left extensive property, distributed across numerous counties. Details of these holdings were reported at a series of inquisitions post mortem that took place after his death.[11]

Family
Richard had no children by his first wife, Margaret (or "Megotta") de Burgh. By his second wife, Maud de Lacy, daughter of the Surety John de Lacy and Margaret de Quincy, he had:[citation needed]

Isabel de Clare (c. 1240–1270); m. William VII, Marquess of Montferrat.
Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 7th Earl of Gloucester (2 September 1243 – 7 December 1295)
Thomas de Clare (c. 1245–1287); seized control of Thomond in 1277; m. Juliana FitzGerald
Bogo de Clare (c. 1248–1294)
Margaret de Clare (c. 1250–1312); m. Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall
Rohese de Clare (c. 1252); m. Roger de Mowbray, 1st Baron Mowbray
Eglentina de Clare (d. 1257); died in infancy.
Richard's widow Maud, who had the Manor of Clare and the Manor and Castle of Usk and other lands for her dower, erected a splendid tomb for her late husband at Tewkesbury. She arranged for the marriages of her children. She died before 10 March 1288/9.[12]

Ancestry
Ancestors of Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester
See also
Holy Jesus Hospital
References
Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1887). "Clare, Richard de (1222-1262)" . Dictionary of National Biography. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
History of Tewkesbury by James Bennett 77
"Annals of Tewkesbury": H.R. Luard (ed.), 'Annales de Theokesberia', in Annales Monastici, Rolls Series, 4 vols (Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green 1864), I, pp. 41–180. (Internet Archive) (British Library Cottonian MS Cleopatra A. vii. In Latin).
Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1886). "Burgh, Hubert de" . Dictionary of National Biography. 7. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Tewkesbury Annals p. 102 ; Worcest Ann. p. 428 ; Matt. Paris, vi. 63, 64; Land of Morgan, p. 126
"Annals of Tewkesbury", as 1237, p. 106; Pat. Rolls, 17 b
Altschul, Michael. A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares, 1217–1314, 1965
Tewkesbury Annals, i. 66, 77, 83
"Annals of Tewkesbury", sub anno 1262, p. 169.
Annals of Tewkesbury, p. 102
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 1, Nos. 530 & 531.
In Calendar of Close Rolls, 1288–1296, p. 6 an entry dated 10 March 1288/9 refers to the death of Maud, countess of Gloucester. 		DE CLARE, Richard 5th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Gloucester, 2nd Lord of Glamorgan, 8th Lord of Clare (I1812)
 
2782 Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel, 9th Earl of Surrey, KG (1346 – 21 September 1397) was an English medieval nobleman and military commander.


Contents
1 Lineage
2 Admiral
2.1 Power Struggle
2.2 Knight of the Garter
3 New favourites
4 Radcot Bridge
4.1 Opposed to peace
5 Marriage and children
6 Death and succession
7 Notes
7.1 Secondary sources
8 External links
Lineage
Born in 1346, he was the son of Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster.[2] He succeeded his father to the title of Earl of Arundel on 24 January 1376.

His brother was Thomas Arundel, the Bishop of Ely from 1374 to 1388, Archbishop of York from 1388 to 1397, and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1397 and from 1399 until his death in 1414.[3]

At the coronation of Richard II, Richard Fitzalan carried the crown.[2]

Admiral

Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel; Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester; Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham; Henry, Earl of Derby (later Henry IV); and Thomas Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, demand Richard II to let them prove by arms the justice for their rebellion
In 1377, Richard Fitzalan held the title of Admiral of the North and West.[2] In this capacity, he attacked Harfleur at Whitsun 1378, but was forced to return to his ships by the defenders. Later, he and John of Gaunt attempted to seize Saint-Malo but were unsuccessful.[4]

Power Struggle
Fitzalan was closely aligned with Thomas, Duke of Gloucester, who was uncle of King Richard II. Thomas was opposed to Richard II's desire for peace with France in the Hundred Years War and a power struggle ensued between him and Gloucester. In late 1386, Gloucester forced King Richard II to name himself and Richard Fitzalan to the King's Council.[5] This Council was to all intents and purposes a Regency Council for Richard II. However, Richard limited the duration of the Council's powers to one year.[6]

Knight of the Garter
In 1386, Richard II named Richard Fitzalan Admiral of England and made him a Knight of the Garter.[2] As Admiral of England, he defeated a Franco-Spanish-Flemish fleet off Margate in March 1387, along with Thomas de Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham.[6]

New favourites
In August 1387, the King dismissed Gloucester and Fitzalan from the Council and replaced them with his favourites - including the Archbishop of York, Alexander Neville; the Duke of Ireland, Robert de Vere; Michael de la Pole; the Earl of Suffolk, Sir Robert Tresilian, who was the Chief Justice; and the former Mayor of London Nicholas Brembre.[7]

Radcot Bridge
The King summoned Gloucester and Fitzalan to a meeting. However, instead of coming, they raised troops and defeated the new Council at Radcot Bridge on 22 December 1387. During that battle, they took the favourites prisoner. The next year, the Merciless Parliament condemned the favourites.

FitzAlan was one of the Lords Appellant who accused and condemned Richard II's favorites.[5] He made himself particularly odious to the King by refusing, along with Gloucester, to spare the life of Sir Simon de Burley who had been condemned by the Merciless Parliament. This was even after the queen, Anne of Bohemia, went down on her knees before them to beg for mercy. King Richard never forgave this humiliation and planned and waited for his moment of revenge.

Arundel was named Governor of Brest in 1388.[2]

Opposed to peace
Peace was concluded with France in 1389. However, Richard FitzAlan followed Gloucester's lead and stated that he would never agree with the peace that had been concluded.[5]

Marriage and children
Arundel married twice.

His first wife was Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton and Elizabeth de Badlesmere. They married around 28 September 1359 and had seven children:[2]

Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel[2]
Lady Eleanor Fitzalan (c. 1365 – 1375), on 28 October 1371, at the age of about six, married Robert de Ufford. Died childless.
Elizabeth Fitzalan (c. 1366 – 8 July 1425), married first William Montacute (before December 1378); no issue. Married second, in 1384, Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk; had issue. Married third, before August 1401, Sir Robert Goushill of Hoveringham; had issue. Married fourth, before 1411, Sir Gerard Usflete, son of Sir Gerard Usflete (d.1406),[8] MP, without issue.[2][9]
Joan FitzAlan (1375 – 14 November 1435), who married William Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny;[2]
Alice Fitzalan (1378 – before October 1415), married before March 1392, John Charleton, 4th Baron Cherleton. (not mentioned as an heir of Thomas in the Complete Peerage). Had an affair with Cardinal Henry Beaufort, by whom she had an illegitimate daughter, Jane Beaufort.
Margaret Fitzalan, who married Sir Rowland Lenthall;[2] by whom she had two sons.
William (or Richard) Fitzalan
After the death of his first wife in 1385, Arundel married Philippa Mortimer, daughter of Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March. Her mother was Philippa Plantagenet, the only daughter of Lionel of Antwerp and thus a granddaughter of Edward III. They had no children.[2]

Death and succession
By 1394, Arundel was again a member of the royal council, and was involved in a quarrel with John of Gaunt, whom he accused in the parliament of that year.[10] Fitzalan further antagonized the King by arriving late for the queen's funeral. Richard II, in a rage, snatched a wand and struck Fitzalan in the face and drew blood. Shortly after that, the King feigned a reconciliation but he was only biding his time for the right moment to strike.

Arundel was persuaded by his brother Thomas to surrender himself and to trust to the king's clemency.[10] On 12 July 1397, Richard was arrested for his opposition to Richard II,[2] as well as plotting with Gloucester to imprison the king.[11] He stood trial at Westminster and was attainted.[12] He was beheaded on 21 September 1397 and was buried in the church of the Augustin Friars, Bread Street, London.[2] Tradition holds that his final words were said to the executioner, "Torment me not long, strike off my head in one blow".[13]

In October 1400, the attainder was reversed, and Richard's son Thomas succeeded to his father's estates and honours.[2]

Notes
Some Feudal Coats of Arms and Pedigrees. Joseph Foster. 1902. (p.115)
G. E. C. The Complete Peerage p. 244-245
Powell, et al. The House of Lords p. 398
Seward The Hundred Years War p. 124-125
Seward The Hundred Years War p. 136-139
Powell et al. The House of Lords p. 400-401
Powell et al. The House of Lords p. 404
Rawcliffe, C., biography of USFLETE, Sir Gerard, of North Ferriby and Ousefleet, Yorks, published in The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe., 1993[1]
Memorials of the Order of the Garter, from Its Foundation to the Present ... By George Frederick p. 298 accessed 1 November 2007
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Arundel, Earls of". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 706.
Seward The Hundred Years War p. 142
Powell et al. The House of Lords p. 417
Thomas B. Costain The Last Plantagenets, page 200
Secondary sources
Cokayne, George E. (2000). The Complete Peerage of Great Britain and Ireland. Microprint Edition Gloucester: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-904387-82-8.
"Some proposed Corrections to the Complete Peerage". Retrieved 10 July 2007.
Powell, J. Enoch; Wallis, Keith (1968). The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-76105-6.
Seward, Desmond (1982). The Hundred Years War: The English in France, 1337-1453. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-70628-6.
External links
FitzAlan Family accessed on 10 July 2007
Cawley, Charles, Medieval Lands Project - FitzAlan, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

=============================================================================
http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/arundel4.htm

Richard Fitzalan, 4th (11th) Earl of Arundel (1346-1397)
RICHARD FITZALAN (III), Earl of Arundel and Surrey (1346-1397),1 born in 1346, was the son of Richard Fitzalan (II), Earl of Arundel, and his second wife, Eleanor, daughter of Henry, third earl of Lancaster. He served on the expedition to the Pays de Caux under Lancaster.2 In January 1376 he succeeded to his father's estates and titles. Though the petitions of the Good Parliament contain complaints of the men of Surrey and Sussex against the illegal jurisdiction exercised by his novel 'shire-court' at Arundel over the rapes of Chichester and Arundel,3 he was appointed one of the standing council established in that parliament to restrain the dotage of Edward III.4

Arms of Richard Fitzalan, 4th (11th) Earl of Arundel.
At Richard II's coronation he acted as chief butler.5 He was placed on the council of regency,6 and in 1380 put on a commission to regulate the royal household. In 1377 he was appointed admiral of the west. His earlier naval exploits were but little glorious, yet French authorities credit him with the merit of having saved Southampton from their assault.7 About Whitsuntide 1378 he attacked Harfleur, but was subsequently driven to sea.8 In the same year he and the Earl of Salisbury were defeated by a Spanish fleet, though they afterwards compelled Cherbourg to surrender.9

He next accompanied John of Gaunt on his expedition to St. Malo, where his negligence on the watch gave the French an opportunity to destroy a mine and so compel the raising of the siege.10 Arundel barely escaped with his life.11 The earl showed an equal sluggishness in defending even his own tenants when the French ravaged the coasts of Sussex.12 In 1381 he and Michael de la Pole were approved in parliament as councillors in constant attendance upon the young king and as governors of his person13 In 1383 he was proposed as lieutenant of Bishop Spencer of Norwich's crusading army, but the bishop refused to accept him.14 In 1385 he took part in the expedition to Scotland.

Arundel definitely joined the baronial opposition that had now reformed under Gloucester, the king's uncle. He took a prominent part in the attack on the royal favourites in 1386, acted as one of the judges of M. de la Pole,15 and was put on the commission appointed in parliament to reform and govern the realm and the royal household.16 His appointment as admiral was now renewed with a wider commission, rendered necessary by the projected great invasion of England, which brought Charles VI to Sluys.17 In the spring of 1387 he and Nottingham prepared an expedition against the French, which, on 24 March, defeated a great fleet of Flemish, French, and Spanish ships off Margate, and captured nearly a hundred vessels laden with wine.18 This brilliant victory won Arundel an extraordinary popularity, which was largely increased by the liberality with which he refused to turn the rich booty to his own advantage. For the whole year wine was cheap in England and dear in Netherlands.19 Immediately after he sailed to Brest and relieved and revictualled the town, which was still held for the English, and destroyed two forts erected by the French besiegers over against it.20 He then returned in triumph to England, plundering the country round Sluys and capturing snips there on his way. All danger of French invasion was at an end.

In 1387 Richard II obtained from the judges a declaration of the illegality of the commission of which Arundel was a member. His rash attempt to arrest the earl produced the final conflict. Northumberland was sent to seize Arundel at Reigate, but, fearing the number of his retainers, retired without accomplishing his mission.21 Warned of this treachery, Arundel escaped by night and joined Gloucester and Warwick at Harringhay, where they took arms (November 1387). At Waltham Cross on 16 Nov. they first appealed of treason the evil councillors of the king, and on 17 Nov. forced Richard to accept their charges at Westminster Hall.

When the favourites attempted resistance, another meeting of the confederates was held on 12 Dec. at Huntingdon, where Arundel strongly urged the capture and deposition of the king. But the reluctance of the new associates, Derby and Nottingham, caused this violent plan to be rejected.22 But Arundel continued the fiercest of the king's enemies. In the parliament of February 1388 he was one of the five lords who solemnly renewed the appeal [see Lords Appellant].23 He specially pressed for the execution of Burley [Sir Simon Burley, Warden of the Cinque Ports], though Derby wished to save him, and for three hours the queen interceded on her knees for his life.24

In May 1388 Arundel again went to sea, still acting as admiral, and now also as captain of Brest and lieutenant of the king in Brittany. Failing to do anything great in that country, he sailed southward, conquered Oleron and other small islands off the coast , and finally landed off La Rochelle, and took thence great pillage.25 Next year, however, he was superseded as admiral by Huntingdon,26 and in May was, with the other Lords Appellant, removed from the council. He was, however, restored in December, when Richard and his old masters finally came to terms.27

For the next few years peace prevailed at home and abroad. The party of the appellants began to show signs of breaking up, though Arundel still remained faithful to his old policy. In 1392 he was fined four hundred marks for marrying Philippa, daughter of the Earl of March and widow of John Hastings, Earl of Pembroke.28 A personal quarrel of Arundel with John of Gaunt marks the beginning of the catastrophe of Richard II's reign. The new Countess of Arundel was rude to Catharine Swynford [Duchess of Lancaster].29 Henry Beaufort, if report were true, seduced Alice, Arundel's daughter.30

In 1393, when Arundel was residing at his castle of Holt, a revolt against John of Gaunt broke out in Cheshire, and Arundel showed such inactivity in assisting in the restoration of peace that the duke publicly accused him in parliament of conniving at the rising.31 Arundel answered by a long series of complaints against Lancaster.32 Some of these so nearly touched the king as to make him very angry, and Arundel was compelled to apologise for what he had said. The actual English words that he uttered in his recantation are preserved in the Rolls of Parliament.

A short retirement from court now seems to have ensued,33 but Arundel soon returned, only to give Richard fresh offence by coming late to the queen's funeral and yet asking leave to retire at once from the ceremony.34 The king struck Arundel with a cane with such force as to shed blood and therefore to pollute the precincts of Westminster Abbey. On 3 Aug. Arundel was sent to the Tower,35 but was released on 10 Aug.,36 when he re-entered the council. The appointment of his brother Thomas as Archbishop of Canterbury may mark the final reconciliation.

After the stormy parliament of February 1397, Arundel and Gloucester withdrew from court, after reproaching the king with the loss of Brest and Cherbourg. It was probably after this, if ever, that Arundel entertained Gloucester, Warwick, and his brother the Archbishop at Arundel Castle, when they entered into a solemn conspiracy against Richard.37 Nottingham, who, though Arundel's son-in-law and one of the appellants, had now deserted his old party, informed Richard of the plot. The king invited the three chief conspirators to a banquet on 10 July.38 From this Arundel absented himself without so much as an excuse, but the arrest of Warwick, who ventured to attend, was his justification.

He was, however, in a hopeless position. His brother pressed him to surrender, and persuaded him that the king had given satisfactory promises of his safety.39 He left accordingly his stronghold at Reigate, and accompanied the archbishop to the palace. Richard at once handed him over into custody, while Thomas returned sorrowfully to Lambeth.40 This was on 16 July. Arundel was hurried off to Carisbrooke and thence after an interval removed to the Tower.

On 17 Sept. a royalist parliament assembled. The pardons of the appellants were revoked.41 On 20 Sept. Archbishop Arundel was impeached. Next day the new appellants laid their charges against the Earl of Arundel before the lords. He was brought before them, arrayed in scarlet. With much passion he protested that he was no traitor, and that the charges against him were barred by the pardons he had received. A long and angry altercation broke out between him and John of Gaunt and Henry of Derby, his old associate. He refused to answer the charges, denounced his accusers as liars, and when the speaker declared that the pardon on which he relied had been revoked by the faithful Commons, exclaimed, 'The faithful commons are not here'.42

He was, of course, condemned, though Richard commuted the barbarous penalty of treason into simple decapitation. The execution immediately followed. He was hurried through the streets of London to Tower Hill, amidst the lamentations of a sympathising multitude. Brutally ill-treated by the bands of Cheshiremen who had been collected to overawe the Londoners, he displayed extraordinary firmness and resolution, 'no more shrinking or changing colour than if he were going to a banquet.'43 He rebuked with much dignity his treacherous kinsfolk,44 and exhorted the hangman to sharpen well his axe. Slain by a single stroke, he was buried in the church of the Augustinian friars. The people reverenced him as a martyr, and went on pilgrimage to his tomb. At last Richard, conscience-stricken though he was at his death, avoided a great political anger by ordering all traces of the place of his burial to be removed. But after the fall of Richard the pilgrimages were renewed, and the next generation did not doubt that his merits had won for him a place in the company of the saints.45

Arundel was very religious and a bountiful patron of the church. So early as 1380 he was admitted into the brotherhood of the abbey of Tichfield. In the same year he founded the hospital of the Holy Trinity at Arundel for a warden and twenty poor men.46 Between 1380 and 1387 he enlarged the chantry projected by his father into the college of the Holy Trinity, also at Arundel. This establishment now included a master and twelve secular canons, and superseded the confiscated alien priory of St. Nicholas.47 In his will he left liberal legacies to several churches.

By his first wife, Elizabeth (d. 1385), daughter of William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton, Arundel had three sons and four daughters. The second son, Thomas, ultimately became Earl of Arundel. Of his daughter Elizabeth's four husbands, the second was Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham. Another daughter, Joan, married William, Lord Bergavenny. A third, Alice, married John, Lord Charlton of Powys. By Philippa Mortimer Arundel had no children.



1. Depending on the source and on how the barons are counted, he is called either the 4th, 11th, or 14th Earl of Arundel.
2. Nicolas, Scrope and Grosvenor Roll, i. 220.
3. Rotuli Parliamentorum, ii. 348.
4. Chronicon Angliae, 1328-1388, p. lxviii, Rolls Ser.
5. Rot. Parl. iii. 181.
6. ib. iii. 386.
7. Luce, Chronique des Quatre Premiers Valois, p. 263, ed. Soc. de l'Histoire de France.
8. ib. p. 273.
9. Walsingham, Chronicle of Richard II, ed. Riley, i. 371.
10. Froissart, livre ii. ch. xxxvi. ed. Buchon.
11. Chronique des Quatre Premiers Valois, p. 276.
12. Walsingham. i. 439; cf. Chron. Angliae, p. 168.
13. Walsingham. ii. 166; Rot. Parl. iii. 1046.
14. ib. iii. 155 a.
15. Walsingham. ii. 152.
16. Rot. Parl. iii. 221.
17. Froissart, iii. 47; cf. Wallon, Richard II, livre v. ch.iii.
18. Walsingham. ii. 164-6; Monk of Evesham's History of the Life and Reign of Richard II, ed. Hearne, 1729, p. 78; Froissart, iii. 58. The different accounts vary hopelessly; see Nicolas, A History of the Royal Navy, ii. 317-24.
19. Froissart, iii. 64.
20. Knighton in Twysden's Decem Scriptores, c. 2692.
21. Monk of Evesham, p. 90.
22. Rot. Parl. iii. 376.
23. ib. iii. 229; Knihhton, cc. 2713-2726.
24. Chronique de la Traison et Mort de Richard, Engl. Hist. Soc., p. 133.
25. Froissart, iii. 112, 113, 129.
26. Knighton, c. 2735.
27. Nicolas, Proceedings of the Privy Council, i. 17.
28. Rot. Pat. 15 Rich. II, in Dallaway's Western Sussex, II. i. 134, new edit.
29. Froissart, iv. 60.
30. Powel, History of Cambria, p. 138, from a pedigree of the Stradlings, whose then representative married the daughter born of the connection; cf. Clark, Limbus Patrum Morganiae et Glanmorganiae, p. 435.
31. Walsingham. ii. 214; Annales Ric. II, ed Riley, p. 161.
32. Rot. Parl. iii. 313.
33. Ann. Ric. II, p. 166.
34. ib. p. 169; Walsingham, ii. 215.
35. Rymer, Foedera, vii. 784.
36. ib. vii. 785.
37. Chronique de la Traison, pp. 5-6, though the date there given, 23 July 1396, must be wrong, and 28 July 1397, the editor's conjecture, is too late, one manuscript says 8 Feb.; Chronique du Religieux de Saint-Denys, ii. 476-8, in Collection de Documents Inedits, cf. Froissart, iv. 56. The statement is in no English authority, and has been much questioned, cf. Wallon, ii. 161, 452.
38. Ann. Ric. II, p. 201.
39. ib. 202-8; Walsingham, ii. 223.
40. Eulogium Historiarum iii. 371.
41. Rot. Parl. iii. 350, 351.
42. Monk of Evesham, pp. 136-8; Rot. Parl. iii. 377; Ann. Ric. pp. 214-19.
43. Walsingham. ii. 225-6; cf. Religieux de Saint-Denys, ii. 552.
44. Nottingham was not present, though Walsingham and Froissart, iv. 61, say that he was.
45. Adam of Usk, Chronicon Adae de Usk, ed. Thompson, 1876, p. 14.
46. Dugdale, Monasticon, ed. Caley, &c., 1849, vi. 736-7.
47. ib. vi. 1377-1379; Tierney, History of Arundel, pp. 594-613.



Excerpted from:

Tout, T. F. "Richard Fitzalan (III), Earl of Arundel And Surrey."
Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. VII. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, Eds.
New York: The Macmillan Company, 1908. 98-100.



Other Local Resources:
The Hundred Years' War
King Richard II
Family Tree of Fitzalan, Earls of Arundel
Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel
Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury
Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel
John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel
William Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel
Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel



Web Links:
Genealogy - ThePeerage.com



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This page was created on June 3, 2012. Last updated October 7, 2017 		FITZALAN, Richard 4th (11th) Earl of Arundel, 9th Earl of Surrey (I8544)
 
2783 Richard Hayward of Elham, tailor, bachelor 23 and Mildred Collar of the same place, spinster 21 at Elham, 30 Oct 1755.

8 Oct 1787 HAYWARD Arthur Bachelor of Petham and KEELER Hannah spinster Waltham Banns at Petham

24 Jul 1796 HAYWOOD William Bachelor of Petham and KNOTT Mary spinster Waltham Banns at Petham

4 Jul 1823 WALTON William Petham bachelor HAYWARD Hannah Petham Spinster William PEALL and Ann HAYWOOD Banns at Petham

8 Mar 1828 HAYWOOD William (x) Petham bachelor MORRIS Catherine (x) Petham Spinster Richard CASTLE and Richard CHAMBERS Banns at Petham

6 Apr 1828 WATERS James (x) Petham bachelor HAYWARD Charlotte (x) Petham Spinster George CHEESEMAN(x) and Ann HAYWOOD Banns at Petham

16 Nov 1800 HAYWARD Elizabeth daughter of Arthur & Hannah at Petham

4 Jul 1802 HAYWARD Charlotte daughter of Arthur & Hannah at Petham

31 Mar 1805 HAYWARD Ann daughter of Arthur & Hannah at Petham

31 Mar 1811 HAYWARD Catherine daughter of Arthur & Hannah  		Family (F505)
 
2784 Richard Hills, widower, father Francis Hills
Elizabeth Mitchell, father John Mitchell, spinster 		Family (F5048)
 
2785 At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. Living (I18620)
 
2786 Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer KB (c.1468 – c. 28 December 1530) of Snape, North Yorkshire, was an English soldier and peer. He fought at the battles of Stoke and Flodden.

Richard Neville was the eldest son of Sir Henry Neville, who was killed on 26 July 1469 at the Battle of Edgecote Moor, and Joan Bourchier (d. 7 October 1470), daughter of John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, by Margery, daughter and heiress of Richard Berners, esquire. He had a brother, Thomas Neville, and a sister, Joan Neville, wife of Sir James Radcliffe.[1]

Neville's maternal grandfather, John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, was the fourth son of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu in Normandy, and his wife Anne of Gloucester, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, youngest son of King Edward III. By her second husband, Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford, Anne of Gloucester was the mother of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham.[2]

On his father's side, Richard Neville was the grandson of George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer (d. 30 or 31 December 1469), and Elizabeth Beauchamp, the daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick.[3]

Career[edit]
When he was only a year old, Richard Neville inherited the barony together with lands in 24 counties, including Snape Castle in Richmondshire, at the death of his grandfather, George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer, on 30 or 31 December 1469. His wardship and marriage were purchased for £1000 in May 1470 by his great uncle, Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, while his lands remained in the hands of the crown. He was made a Knight of the Bath on 17 January 1478.[4]

Neville had livery of his lands without proof of age on 8 May 1491. From 12 August of that year until 3 November 1529 he was summoned to Parliament by writs directed to 'Ricardo Nevill de Latimer chivaler'. However, in about 1494 his inheritance was contested by Robert Willoughby, 1st Baron Willoughby de Broke, who although summoned to the 1491 Parliament by writs directed to 'Roberto Willughby de Broke chivaler', nonetheless claimed that he was entitled to the Latimer barony and lands through his great-grandmother's brother, John Willoughby. Neville ultimately prevailed, and a herald recorded that 'the Lord Brooke had made a wrong claim'.[5]

Neville's father-in-law, Sir Humphrey Stafford (c.1426/7 – 8 July 1486) of Grafton, Worcestershire, was a staunch supporter of King Richard III. After Richard's defeat at Bosworth, Stafford and Francis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell, fled to sanctuary at Colchester. In April 1486 they attempted to stir up rebellion against the new King, Henry VII, with Stafford trying to raise forces in the West Midlands, and Lovell in Yorkshire. When the rebellion collapsed, on 11 May 1486 Stafford again fled to sanctuary, this time at Culham, but was not allowed to claim the privilege, and for his part in the insurrection was executed at Tyburn on 8 July 1486.[6]

In contrast, Neville appears to have supported the new regime. According to Ford, Neville's strengths were 'loyalty to the crown and military service'. On 16 June 1487 he fought at the Battle of Stoke with Henry VII's forces which put down the rising of the pretender, Lambert Simnel. He served with the army in the north after the Earl of Northumberland was assassinated in 1489, and was with the King's forces in Brittany in 1492. In 1499 he attended the trial of the pretender, Perkin Warbeck. In 1513 he was with the Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Flodden, where he fought in the vanguard. In September 1522 the Earl of Shrewsbury consulted him regarding war against the Duke of Albany.[7]

Neville also served in non-military capacities. He was appointed to a number of commissions, and is recorded as being in attendance at festivities at court in 1488 and 1499. In 1503 he was among those who escorted King Henry VII's daughter, Margaret Tudor, between Tadcaster and York on her journey to Scotland to wed James IV. In November 1515 he was among those present at Westminster Abbey when Thomas Wolsey was made Cardinal.[8]

On 13 July 1530 Neville was one of the signatories to the letter petitioning Pope Clement VII to grant Henry VIII a divorce from Catherine of Aragon. He died shortly before 28 December 1530 at Snape Castle, and was buried with his first wife, Anne Stafford, in the church of St. Michael at Well, North Yorkshire.[9]

Marriages and issue[edit]
Richard Neville married firstly, about 1490, Anne Stafford, daughter of Sir Humphrey Stafford of Grafton, Worcestershire, and Katherine Fray (12 May 1482), the daughter of Sir John Fray, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, by Agnes Danvers (d. June 1478), the daughter of Sir John Danvers (died c.1448), by whom he had six sons and six daughters:[10]

John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer, who married firstly, Dorothy de Vere, daughter of Sir George Vere by Margaret Stafford, and sister and coheir of John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford; secondly, Elizabeth Musgrave; and thirdly, Catherine Parr, later Henry VIII's sixth Queen.[11]
William Neville (15 July 1497 – c.1545), author of The Castell of Pleasure, who married, before 1 April 1529, Elizabeth Greville, the daughter of Sir Giles Greville, by whom he had a son, Richard Neville of Penwyn and Wyke Sapie, Worcestershire, and two daughters, Mary and Susan.[12] After the death without male issue of John Neville, 4th Baron Latimer, William's son, Richard Neville (d. 27 May 1590), wrongfully assumed the title of Baron Latimer.[13]
Sir Thomas Neville of Piggotts Hall in Ardleigh, Essex, who married Mary Teye, the daughter and coheir of Sir Thomas Teye, by whom he had a son, Thomas.[14]
Marmaduke Neville of Marks Tey, who married Elizabeth Teye, the daughter and coheir of Sir Thomas Teye, by whom he had a son, Christopher, who died young, and a daughter, Alianore, who married Thomas Teye, esquire, of Layer de la Haye, Essex.[15]
George Neville, Archdeacon of Carlisle, (born 29 July 1509, buried 6 September 1567 at Well, North Yorkshire).[16]
Christopher Neville.[17]
Margaret Neville (born 9 March 1495), eldest daughter, who married, by papal dispensation dated 22 November 1505, Edward Willoughby (d. November 1517) of Alcester, Warwickshire, son of Robert Willoughby, 2nd Baron Willoughby de Broke (d. 10 or 11 November 1521), by his first wife, Elizabeth Beauchamp, by whom she had three daughters, Elizabeth (buried 15 November 1562), who married Sir Fulke Greville (d. 10 November 1559), Anne (d. 1528) and Blanche (d. before 1543), who married Francis Dawtrey.[18] Elizabeth Willoughby and Sir Fulke Greville (d. 10 November 1559) were the grandparents of the courtier and author, Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke.[19]
Dorothy Neville, who married John Dawnay
Elizabeth Neville (born 28 April 1500), who married, before 1531, Sir Christopher Danby (c.1505 – 14 June 1571), of Farnley, North Yorkshire, only son of Sir Christopher Danby (d. 17 March 1518) and Margaret Scrope, daughter of Thomas Scrope, 5th Baron Scrope of Masham (d.1475). They had six sons, Sir Thomas Danby, Christopher Danby, John Danby, James Danby, Marmaduke Danby and William Danby, and eight daughters, Dorothy, who married Sir John Neville; Mary; Joan, who married Roger Meynell, esquire; Margaret, who married Christopher Hopton, esquire; Anne, who married Sir Walter Calverley; Elizabeth, who married Thomas Wentworth, esquire; Magdalen, who married Marmaduke Wyvill; and Margery, who married Christopher Mallory, esquire.[20] Anne Danby and Sir Walter Calverley were the grandparents of Walter Calverley (d.1605), whose murder of his children is dramatized in A Yorkshire Tragedy, attributed on the title page to William Shakespeare.[21] It seems likely that Anne's brother, William Danby, was the William Danby who served as coroner at the inquest into the death of Christopher Marlowe in 1593.
Katherine Neville.[22]
Susan Neville (1501 – c.1560), who married the rebel Richard Norton (d. 9 April 1585), esquire, the eldest son of John Norton (d. 1557) by Anne Radcliffe (d. before 1557).[23]
Joan Neville.[24]
By licence dated 5 July 1502 Richard Neville married secondly, Margaret (d. 16 December 1521), the widow of Sir James Strangways.[25]

Ancestry[edit]
[show]Ancestors of Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer
Footnotes[edit]
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 2.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 280–4.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 1.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1929, p. 481; Ford 2004.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1929, pp. 481–2; Richardson III 2011, p. 3.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 119; Horrox 2004; Williams 1928, p. 186.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1929, p. 481; Ford 2004; Richardson III 2011, p. 3.
Jump up ^ Ford 2004.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 3; Ford 2004.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 119–20; Richardson III 2011, pp. 3–4; Macnamara 1895, pp. 101, 102, 144, 150.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1929, p. 483; Dockray 2004.
Jump up ^ Edwards 2004; Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1929, p. 486.
Jump up ^ Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Ford 2004; Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 336–8; Richardson II 2011, p. 269; Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Gouws 2004.
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, pp. 12–13; Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Burlinson 2004; Lowe 2004.
Jump up ^ Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Hicks 2004; Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Burke 1866, p. 398.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 119.
References[edit]
Burke, Bernard (1866). A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire. London: Harrison. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
Burlinson, Christopher (2004). Calverley, William (d. 1572). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 December 2012. (subscription required)
Cokayne, George Edward (1929). The Complete Peerage edited by Vicary Gibbs. VII. London: St Catherine Press.
Dockray, Keith (2004). Neville, John, third Baron Latimer (1493–1543). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 19 December 2012. (subscription required)
Edwards, A.S.G. (2004). Neville, William (b. 1497, d. in or before 1545). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 December 2012. (subscription required)
Ford, L.L. (2004). Neville, Richard, second Baron Latimer (c.1467–1530). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 11 December 2012. (subscription required)
Gouws, John (2004). Greville, Fulke, first Baron Brooke of Beauchamps Court (1554–1628). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 December 2012. (subscription required)
Hicks, Michael (2004). Norton, Richard (d. 1585). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 11 December 2012. (subscription required)
Horrox, Rosemary (2004). Lovell, Francis, Viscount Lovell (b. c.1457, d. in or after 1488). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 11 December 2012. (subscription required)
Lowe, J. Andreas (2004). Calverley, Walter (d. 1605). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 December 2012. (subscription required)
Macnamara, F.N. (1895). Memorials of the Danvers Family (of Dauntsey and Culworth). London: Hardy & Page. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966373
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Plantagent Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966349
Williams, C.H. (April 1928). "The Rebellion of Humphrey Stafford in 1486". English Historical Review. Oxford University Press. 43 (170): 181–9. JSTOR 552001. doi:10.1093/ehr/xliii.clxx.181.
External links[edit]
Neville, John, 3rd Baron Latimer, History of Parliament
Danby, Sir Christopher, History of Parliament
Well Village Website 		NEVILLE, Richard 2nd Baron Latimer (I15232)
 
2787 Richard Prebbell of St. Martins near Canterbury and Susannah Tolson of this parish Family (F4660)
 
2788 Richard received a bequest from the Will of his step-father, John Porredge, which left him "to my wife's son, Richard Rucke 5 pounds in one year". Further, Richard was to receive the reversion of real property - tenement and grounds - in St. Dunstan's, Canterbury that had been left to his mother by John Porredge, upon her death. That property, during 1582, was in the occupation of Bartholomew Rowell. RUCK, Richard (I3633)
 
2789 Richard Rowlett, a husbandman, acted as bondsman to the marriage of a Thomas Rowlett, a husbandman in Monkton, Thanet, vizt. Rowlett, Thomas, of Monkton, husbandman and Lucy Reynolds, s.p., spr. At. St. Margaret's Cant. Richard Rowlett of St. Martin's, Canterbury, husbandman, bonds. Oct. 26, 1618

Ellenden, Thomas, of St. Paul, Cant., husb., ba., 30 and Susan Rowlet of St. Martin Cant., spr., 30. At. S. Martin, afsd. Thomas Rowlet of Cant., husband., bonds. Feb 5 1671.


Also at St. Martin's contemporaneously was:
Ellen Rowlett chr 24 Apr 1614 St. Martin mother Anne Rowlett 		ROWLETT, Richard (I13791)
 
2790 Richard was brother of Gilbert, Comte Eu and Baldwin, Sheriff of Devon. FITZGILBERT, Richard (I1867)
 
2791 Richard's sister married Richard Fitz Gilbert, Lord of Clare. FITZGILBERT, Richard (I1841)
 
2792 Rigden Thomas Dolly Ann m 26 Dec 1705 he of Hinxhill, she of Chilham - lic DALLIE, Anna (I5262)
 
2793 Robert Austen, b. Adisham 13 Apr 1583; occurs 1632 with wife
Elizabeth Nethersole (DCb/J/J/30/16); m. Womenswold, Kent, 27
Jul 1612 Elizabeth Nethersole (b. Womenswold, Kent, 10 Oct 1592;
is she the Eliz Austen who left will CC 1629?), dau. of Vincent
Nethersole, of Kingstone (b. c. 1563/4; d. 3 Jun 1588) by Elizabeth
Denne (b. c. 1566; d. Womenswold Sept 1637), dau. of Vincent
Denne by Joanna Kittall (b. Dennehill, Kingston, about 1543), and
had:
E1. Bennet Austen, b. 1622; m. 1st at Adisham 16 Sept 1648
Thomas Neame (b. 1627; d. Rowling, Goodnestone, Kent
1664); she m. 2nd 1674 William Gibs, and died 26 Nov 1677.
For issue by first husband, see sub Neame.

Possibly two other children but I would have to examine the register to try to sort these out:
Austen Ann c 1624 Robert the younger/nwn Adisham PR
Austen Michael c 1632 Robert/nwn Adisham PR 		AUSTEN, Robert (I11837)
 
2794 Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 – 5 April 1168) was Justiciar of England 1155–1168.

The surname "de Beaumont" was given to him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French). The manuscript Genelogies of the Erles of Lecestre and Chester[1] states that he was "surnamed Boissu", and refers to him by the names Robert Boissu, Robert Beamond and Robert Beaumonde.


Contents
1 Early life and education
2 Career at the Norman court
3 Civil war in England
4 Earl Robert and Henry Plantagenet
5 Church patronage
6 Family and children
7 Literary references
8 Notes
9 References
Early life and education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester, and Elizabeth de Vermandois, and the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont. It is not known whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they were probably identical.

The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William, Earl of Warenne or Surrey. They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy, to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119, when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals. Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.

Career at the Norman court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However, in 1121, royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure, with his marriage to Amice de Gael, daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119. Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123–24. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129. Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.

Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton, Loughborough, Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough.

In 1135, the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136. During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury).

Civil war in England
The outbreak of civil war in England in September 1139 brought Robert into conflict with Earl Robert of Gloucester, the bastard son of Henry I and principal sponsor of the Empress Matilda. His port of Wareham and estates in Dorset were seized by Gloucester in the first campaign of the war. In that campaign the king awarded Robert the city and castle of Hereford as a bid to establish the earl as his lieutenant in Herefordshire, which was in revolt. It is disputed by scholars whether this was an award of a second county to Earl Robert. Probably in late 1139, Earl Robert refounded his father's collegiate church of St Mary de Castro in Leicester as a major Augustinian abbey on the meadows outside the town's north gate, annexing the college's considerable endowment to the abbey.

The battle of Lincoln on 2 February 1141 saw the capture and imprisonment of King Stephen. Although Count Waleran valiantly continued the royalist fight in England into the summer, he eventually capitulated to the Empress and crossed back to Normandy to make his peace with the Empress's husband, Geoffrey of Anjou. Earl Robert had been in Normandy since 1140 attempting to stem the Angevin invasion, and negotiated the terms of his brother's surrender. He quit Normandy soon after and his Norman estates were confiscated and used to reward Norman followers of the Empress. Earl Robert remained on his estates in England for the remainder of King Stephen's reign. Although he was a nominal supporter of the king, there seems to have been little contact between him and Stephen, who did not confirm the foundation of Leicester Abbey till 1153. Earl Robert's principal activity between 1141 and 1149 was his private war with Ranulf II, Earl of Chester. Though details are obscure it seems clear enough that he waged a dogged war with his rival that in the end secured him control of northern Leicestershire and the strategic Chester castle of Mountsorrel. When Earl Robert of Gloucester died in 1147, Robert of Leicester led the movement among the greater earls of England to negotiate private treaties to establish peace in their areas, a process hastened by the Empress's departure to Normandy, and complete by 1149. During this time the earl also exercised supervision over his twin brother's earldom of Worcester, and in 1151 he intervened to frustrate the king's attempts to seize the city.

Earl Robert and Henry Plantagenet
The arrival in England of Duke Henry, son of the Empress Matilda, in January 1153 was a great opportunity for Earl Robert. He was probably in negotiation with Henry in that spring and reached an agreement by which he would defect to him by May 1153, when the duke restored his Norman estates to the earl. The duke celebrated his Pentecost court at Leicester in June 1153, and he and the earl were constantly in company till the peace settlement between the duke and the king at Winchester in November 1153. Earl Robert crossed with the duke to Normandy in January 1154 and resumed his Norman castles and honors. As part of the settlement his claim to be chief steward of England and Normandy was recognised by Henry.

Earl Robert began his career as chief justiciar of England probably as soon as Duke Henry succeeded as King Henry II in October 1154.[1] The office gave the earl supervision of the administration and legal process in England whether the king was present or absent in the realm. He appears in that capacity in numerous administrative acts, and had a junior colleague in the post in Richard de Luci, another former servant of King Stephen. The earl filled the office for nearly fourteen years until his death,[1] and earned the respect of the emerging Angevin bureaucracy in England. His opinion was quoted by learned clerics, and his own learning was highly commended.

He died on 5 April 1168,[1] probably at his Northamptonshire castle of Brackley, for his entrails were buried at the hospital in the town. He was received as a canon of Leicester on his deathbed, and buried to the north of the high altar of the great abbey he had founded and built. He left a written testament of which his son the third earl was an executor, as we learn in a reference dating to 1174.

Church patronage
Robert founded and patronised many religious establishments. He founded Leicester Abbey and Garendon Abbey in Leicestershire, the Fontevraldine Nuneaton Priory in Warwickshire, Luffield Abbey in Buckinghamshire, and the hospital of Brackley, Northamptonshire. He refounded the collegiate church of St Mary de Castro, Leicester, as a dependency of Leicester abbey around 1164, after suppressing it in 1139. Around 1139 he refounded the collegiate church of Wareham as a priory of his abbey of Lyre, in Normandy. His principal Norman foundations were the priory of Le Désert in the forest of Breteuil and a major hospital in Breteuil itself. He was a generous benefactor of the Benedictine abbey of Lyre, the oldest monastic house in the honor of Breteuil. He also donated land in Old Dalby, Leicestershire to the Knights Hospitallers who used it to found Dalby Preceptory.

About the year 1150, Robert le Bossu, earl of Leicester, gave to one Solomon, a clerk, an acre of land at Brackley whereon to build a house for showing hospitality to the poor, together with a free chapel and graveyard.[2]

Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort, daughter of Raoul II de Montfort, himself a son of Ralph de Gael, Earl of East Anglia. Both families had lost their English inheritances through rebellion in 1075. They had four children:

Hawise de Beaumont, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and had descendants.
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester who married Petronilla de Grandmesnil and had descendants.
Isabel, who married Simon de St. Liz, Earl of Huntingdon and had descendants.
Margaret, who married Ralph IV de Toeni and had descendants through their daughter, Ida de Tosny.
Literary references
He is a major character in The Holy Thief and a minor character in Brother Cadfael's Penance, of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters. He is also a major character in Cecelia Holland's novel The Earl.

Notes
Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
"Hospitals: St James & St John, Brackley | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 3 October 2018.
References
D. Crouch, The Beaumont Twins: the Roots and Branches of Power in the Twelfth Century (Cambridge, 1986).
D. Crouch, The Reign of King Stephen, 1135-1154 (London, 2000).
E. King, "Mountsorrel and its region in King Stephen's Reign", Huntington Library Quarterly, 44 (1980), 1–10.
Leicester Abbey, ed. J. Storey, J. Bourne and R. Buckley (Leicester, 2006).
Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde Handbook of British Chronology 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961
British Library ms Royal E xxv.
U Penn Ms. Codex 1070 - Genelogies Of The Erles Of Lecestre And Chester 		DE BEAUMONT, Robert 2nd Earl of Leicester (I17511)
 
2795 Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
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Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester (died 1190) was an English nobleman, one of the principal followers of Henry the Young King in the Revolt of 1173–1174 against his father Henry II. He is also called Robert Blanchemains (French for "White Hands").


Contents
1 Life
2 Family
3 Notes
4 References
Life
He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester, a staunch supporter of Henry II, and he inherited from his father large estates in England and Normandy.

When the revolt of the younger Henry broke out in April 1173, Robert went to his castle at Breteuil in Normandy. The rebels' aim was to take control of the duchy, but Henry II himself led an army to besiege the castle; Robert fled, and the Breteuil was taken on September 25 or 26.

Robert apparently went to Flanders, where he raised a large force of mercenaries, and landed at Walton, Suffolk, on 29 September 1173. He joined forces with Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk, and the two marched west, aiming to cut England in two across the Midlands and to relieve the king's siege of Robert's castle at Leicester. However, they were intercepted by the king's supporters and defeated at the Battle of Fornham near Fornham, near Bury St Edmunds, on 17 October. Robert, along with his wife and many others, were taken prisoner. Henry II took away the earl's lands and titles as well.

He remained in captivity until January 1177, well after most of the other prisoners had been released. The king was in a strong position and could afford to be merciful; not long after his release Robert's lands and titles were restored, but not his castles. All but two of his castles had been destroyed, and those two (Montsorrel in Leicestershire and Pacy in Normandy) remained in the king's hands.

Robert had little influence in the remaining years of Henry II's reign, but was restored to favour by Richard I. He carried one of the swords of state at Richard's coronation in 1189. In 1190 Robert went on the third crusade to Palestine, but he died at Dyrrachium on his return journey.

Family
Robert married Petronilla, who was a daughter of William de Grandmesnil and great-granddaughter and eventual heiress to the English lands of Domesday baron, Hugh de Grandmesnil. They had five children:

Robert, who succeeded his father as Earl of Leicester;
Roger, who became Bishop of St Andrews in 1189;
William, possibly the ancestor of the House of Hamilton;[1][2]
Amicia, who married Simon de Montfort (died 1188), and whose son Simon subsequently became Earl of Leicester;
Margaret, who married Saer de Quincy, later 1st Earl of Winchester.
Notes
Cowan,Vol I,p80
Balfour Paul Vol IV, p339
References
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis; Lines 53-26, 53-27
Balfour Paul, Sir James, Scots Peerage IX vols. Edinburgh 1907.[1]
Cowan, Samuel, The Lord Chancellors of Scotland Edinburgh 1911. [2] 		DE BEAUMONT, Robert 3rd Earl of Leicester (I19763)
 
2796 Robert de Clifford, 1st Lord Clifford held the office of Justice in Eyre North of Trent from 1297 to 1308.2 He held the office of Governor of Nottingham Castle in July 1298.2 He held the office of Captain General of the Marches of Scotland in 1299.5 He was created 1st Lord Clifford [England by writ] on 29 December 1299.2 He fought in the Scottish Wars.2 He held the office of Marshal of England in 1307.5 He held the office of Justice of Eyre South of the Trent from 1307 to 1308.5 He held the office of Warden of the Scottish Marches in 1308.5 He fought in the Battle of Bannockburn.3

Sources:
G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume IX, page 502. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. 		1st Lord Clifford, Robert (I1699)
 
2797 Robert de Scales was appointed Knight of the Order of the Bath by Prince Edward whom he accompanied in the Scottish wars[1] and was given an exemption for life from sitting on assizes, juries, etc. against his will.[2] He was summoned to Parliament from 1306 until his death in 1324.[1] He was summoned as a Peer to the Coronation of Edward II on 25 February 1308.[3]

Residences
Robert's main residence was at Rivenhall in Essex but he also held the manors of Lyneford, Hokewold cum Wiltone, Reynham, South Lenn, Middleton, Berton Bynedick, Hoo and Ilsington in Norfolk.[2][4]

Family
Robert married Egelina[2] (aka Egelma aka Evelina) daughter of Hugh de Courtenay[1] and they had the following children:

Sir Robert de Scales, 3rd Baron Scales (?-1369)
Eleanor (d. 1361), married John de Sudeley, 2nd Baron Sudeley (d. 1340)
Petronella de Scales married Sir John de Boville
References
Philip Morant, The History and Antiquities of the County of Essex
Patent Rolls
House of Lords, Supplemental Case of the House of Lords
Feudal Aids 1284-1431

========================================================================
Knights Templar

Three main ranks
There was a threefold division of the ranks of the Templars: the noble knights, the non-noble sergeants, and the chaplains. The Templars did not perform knighting ceremonies, so any knight wishing to become a Knight Templar had to be a knight already.[70] They were the most visible branch of the order, and wore the famous white mantles to symbolize their purity and chastity.[71] They were equipped as heavy cavalry, with three or four horses and one or two squires. Squires were generally not members of the order but were instead outsiders who were hired for a set period of time. Beneath the knights in the order and drawn from non-noble families were the sergeants.[72] They brought vital skills and trades from blacksmiths and builders, including administration of many of the order's European properties. In the Crusader States, they fought alongside the knights as light cavalry with a single horse.[73] Several of the order's most senior positions were reserved for sergeants, including the post of Commander of the Vault of Acre, who was the de facto Admiral of the Templar fleet. The sergeants wore black or brown. From 1139, chaplains constituted a third Templar class. They were ordained priests who cared for the Templars' spiritual needs.[48] All three classes of brother wore the order's red cross.[74]

74. Selwood, Dominic (7 April 2013). "The Knights Templars 2: Sergeants, Women, Chaplains, Affiliates". Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2013. 		SCALES, Sir Robert 2nd Baron Scales (I19751)
 
2798 Robert Honywood and Mary Atwater had sixteen children of whom fourteen lived to maturity. Their decadency is nearly boundless. They are ancestral to Mary Baker, first wife of Robert Brooke, emigrant to Maryland abt 1650, and thus ancestral to a vast number of Americans. HONYWOOD, Robert (I10296)
 
2799 Robert Howard (1385—1436), Knight, of Stoke by Nayland, Suffolk,[1] was an English nobleman, the eldest son of John Howard (c.1366-1437), of Wiggenhall and East Winch, Norfolk, by the latter's second wife, Alice Tendring.[2][3][note 1] Alice was also an heiress, although not to the same degree as John Howard's first wife, Lady Plaiz, who had brought him estates worth over £400 per annum.[6] They had two sons; Robert was the elder. His younger brother, Henry Howard, was to be later murdered by retainers of John, Baron Scrope of Masham, after his parents and brother had died.[7]

Robert Howard senior "naturally found no difficulty in securing marriages for his children and grandchild with important gentry families."[3]

– The History of Parliament
In 1420, Howard married Lady Margaret Mowbray,[3] whose father was Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (d.1399); her cousin was Thomas's brother John, later Duke of Norfolk.[8] She outlived him, surviving until 1459.[9] Her sister, Isabel, had married James, later Baron Berkeley, which, it has been said, "forged a link between the Berkeleys and the Howards that continued for two centuries."[10][note 2] In the words of Anne Crawford, however, it was "a clearly unequal marriage."[4] It does appear, however, that they made the decision to marry for themselves as adults, rather than as was customary for the period, by arrangement as children.[11][12]

There is little comprehensive knowledge available as to Howard's career. Early historians of the family made what have been called "somewhat grand claims" on his behalf: for example, that he commanded a fleet of 3,000 men out of Lowestoft to attack the French coast whilst Henry V was on campaign there. It is considered extremely doubtful that this actually ever occurred since such an undertaking would have certainly left its mark in official local or governmental records. It may well be that grandiose stories have been imagined around a simple truth; viz that Howard did indeed fight in France, but that he did so alongside his kinsman and regional magnate, John, second Duke of Norfolk, who indeed spent much of his career doing precisely that. Although Howard is not mentioned on any of the surviving lists of retainers Mowbray took with him, it is likely that Howard was a member of the duke's household. he had, after all, married Mowbray's sister. Further, in November 1428, as the duke sailed up the River Thames to Westminster, his barge rammed a pier under London Bridge; Mowbray lost several members of his household in this accident. Not only did the duke survive, but Mowbray is recorded as having been with him and surviving also.[13] Howard—and presumably his wife—probably lived with the duke at his caput of Framlingham Castle until Mowbray died in 1432.

Howard's father outlived him, although only by a year; having set out for the Holy Land on crusade, he reached Jerusalem but died there on 17 November 1437. Robert Howard's mother had pre-deceased them both;[3] she left Robert her manor of Stoke by Nayland in her will. Howard and Margaret had had three children, John, Katherine, and Margaret.[14] John was to be a prominent retainer for the third duke of Norfolk,[15] and when civil war broke out less than twenty years later, he was to play a leading role as one of the House of York's firmest supporters. In 1483, when Richard III took the throne, he rewarded John Howard with the by now-extinct Mowbray dukedom of Norfolk.[16][note 3]

Notes
Whilst clearly of different social strata, the Howards were themselves a still prominent local gentry family in East Anglia with a lineage dating back to the thirteenth century,[4] and have been described as "one of the wealthiest and most prestigious gentry lines in England."[5]
Later marriages between the two families further strengthened the dynastic links between them.[10]
The fourth and last Mowbray Duke of Norfolk (the second duke's grandson) had died suddenly in 1476, leaving no male heir.[16]
References
Joseph 1899, p. 919.
Ross 2011, p. 77.
Rawcliffe & Roskell 1993.
Crawford 2010, p. 2.
Ross 2011, p. 76.
Crawford 2010, pp. 2–3.
Ross 2011, p. 80.
Botfield 1841, p. 85.
Ross 2015, p. 24.
Broadway 2006, p. 159.
McCarthy 2004, p. 80.
Crawford 2010, p. 6.
Crawford 2010, p. 3.
Crawford 2010, p. 7.
Castor 2000, p. 107.
Richmond 2004.
Bibliography
Botfield, B. (1841). Manners and Household Expenses of England in the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Centuries: Illustrated by Original Records. London: W. Nicol. p. 85. https://books.google.ca/books?id=sgtOAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP15&dq=editions:UOM39015083980097&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v=onepage&q=john%20howard&f=false

Broadway, J. (2006). 'No Historie So Meete': Gentry Culture and the Development of Local History in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7294-9.
Castor, H. (2000). The King, the Crown, and the Duchy of Lancaster: Public Authority and Private Power, 1399-1461. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198206224.
Crawford, A. (2010). Yorkist Lord:John Howard, Duke of Norfolk, c.1425-1485. London: Continuum. ISBN 9781441179975.
Joseph, C. B. (1899). The History of the Noble House of Stourton, of Stourton, in the County of Wilts. II. London: Elliot Stock. p. 919. ISBN 978-5-88060-380-0.
McCarthy, C. (2004). Marriage in Medieval England: Law, Literature, and Practice. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-102-0.
Rawcliffe, C. R.; Roskell, J. S. (1993). "Howard, Sir John (c.1366-1437), of Wiggenhall and East Winch, Norf., Stoke Nayland, Suff., Stansted Mountfichet, Essex, and Fowlmere, Cambs". The History of Parliament Online. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer.
Richmond, C. (2004). "Mowbray, John, fourth duke of Norfolk (1444–1476)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19455. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Ross, J. A. (2011). "'Mischieviously Slewen": John, Lord Scrope, the Dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk, and the Murder of Henry Howard in 1446". In Kleineke, H. (ed.). The Fifteenth Century X: Parliament, Personalities and Power. Papers Presented to Linda S. Clark. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer. ISBN 9781843836926.
Ross, J. A. (2015). The Foremost Man of the Kingdom: John de Vere, Thirteenth Earl of Oxford (1442-1513). Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78327-005-7. 		HOWARD, Robert Knt. (I19741)
 
2800 Robert I (15 August 866 – 15 June 923), King of Western Francia (922–923), was the younger son of Robert the Strong, count of Anjou, and the brother of Odo, who became king of the Western Franks in 888. West Francia evolved over time into France; under Odo, the capital was fixed on Paris, a large step in that direction. His family is known as the Robertians.

He was present at the Siege of Paris in 885. Appointed by Odo ruler of several counties, including the county of Paris, and abbot in commendam of many abbeys, Robert also secured the office of Dux Francorum, a military dignity of high importance. He did not claim the crown of West Francia when his brother died in 898; but recognising the supremacy of the Carolingian king, Charles the Simple, he was confirmed in his offices and possessions, after which he continued to defend northern Francia from the attacks of the Norsemen.

The peace between the king and his powerful vassal was not seriously disturbed until about 921. The rule of Charles, and especially his partiality for a certain Hagano, had aroused some irritation; and, supported by many of the clergy and by some of the most powerful of the Frankish nobles, Robert took up arms, drove Charles into Lorraine, and was himself crowned king of the Franks (rex Francorum) at Rheims on 29 June 922. Collecting an army, Charles marched against the usurper and, on 15 June 923, in a stubborn and sanguinary battle near Soissons, Robert was killed, according to one tradition in single combat with his rival. His army nonetheless won the battle, and Charles was captured.

Robert was married twice. Through his first wife, Aelis, he had two daughters. Each married powerful lay vassals of their father: Emma of France (894–935) to Rudolph, Duke of Burgundy, and Hildebranda (895–931) to Herbert II of Vermandois. Through his second wife, Béatrice of Vermandois, daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois, he had his only son, Hugh the Great, who was later dux Francorum and father of King Hugh Capet, and a daughter Richilda. He may have had other daughters.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 		Robert I, (I2112)
 

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